Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Alzheimer's Disease (Treatment (Symptomatic (Safety, Compensating for…
Alzheimer's Disease
Pathophysiology
No known cause
Suspect that it is related to the accumulation of amyloid beta proteins.
Clumping of protein blocks signals at synapses.
Nueron death and detachment of Tau protein
Tau Protein causes neurofibrillary tangle
Further nueron death
Neurotransmission blocked
Impaired cognition
Impaired memory
Decline in executive function ability
Triggers immune response and inflammation
Stages and Clinical Manifestations
Early
Can develop over course of 20 years
Word searching
Difficulty retaining new information
Difficulty with social tasks
Misplacing things
Mild/Moderate
Forgetting personal history
Avoiding social situations
Losing track of date or location
Unable to recall their address
Incontinence
Changes in sleep patterns
Wandering or getting lost
Delusions, suspicious, compulsive or repetitive behaviors
Severe
Forget recent experiences
Lose ability to walk, sit and swallow
Lose ability to communicate
Need 24 hour caregiving
Treatment
Symptomatic
Safety
Compensating for deficits
Comfort
Regenerative
In the future
Disease Modifying
Stopping the AB cascade and tau biology
Medications
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Aricept (donepezil)
Exelon (rivastigmine)
Cognex (tacrine)
Namzaric (donepezil/ memantine)
Razadyne ER (galantamine)
Reminyl (galantamine)
NMDA receptor antagonist
Diagnosis
Ruling out other disorders/causes
Brain imaging
Symptom progression
MoCA
MMSE
Lab work
Epidemiology
The most common cause of dementia
accounting for 60-80%
of dementia cases
More common in African American and Hispanics
Approximately 200,000 American’s under 65 have nonfamilial early-onset
Projected to reach 14 million people by 2060
In 2014, as many as 5 million Americans were living with Alzheimer’s disease.
Twice as common in women