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Muscular System (4 Major functions (Movement: includes walking, running,…
Muscular System
4 Major functions
2.Posture: stabilize the joints of the body during movement and help maintain ideal posture. Keeps the body upright.
- Respiration: relax and contract to enable the lungs to fill with air and then expel the air
- Digestion: Helps break down and process food. Necessary in order to turn food into nutrients.
- Movement: includes walking, running, swimming, pushing, pulling, etc.
Some reasons for muscle fatigue can be associated with a state of exhaustion, often following strenuous activity or exercise. When you experience fatigue, the force behind your muscles' movements decrease, causing you to feel weaker.
Muscle Tissue
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Skeletal: Is long and cylindrical, is attached to bones and around entry & exit sites of the body. Functions to produce heat and protect organs
Endomysium is a structure of a skeletal muscle that has a wispy layer of areolar connective tissue that ensheaths each individual myocyte. It also contains capillaries and nerves.
Perimysium is the sheath of connective tissue surrounding a bundle of muscle fibers. Is also found in the structure of the skeletal muscle
epimysium is a sheath of fibrous elastic tissue surrounding a muscle. Is also found in the structure of the skeletal muscle.
Tendon is a flexible but inelastic cord of strong fibrous collagen tissue attaching a muscle to a bone.
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fascicle is a bundle of structures, such as nerve or muscle fibers
The current paradigm in skeletal muscle biology and exercise physiology is that aerobic exercise has a negligible effect on skeletal muscle mass. ... Moreover, we propose properly performed aerobic exercise leads to skeletal muscle hypertrophy that is comparable to resistance exercise training.
Cardiac: Is short, branched and located in the heart. Functions to contract and pump blood
Muscle contraction thus results from an interaction between the actin and myosin filaments that generates their movement relative to one another. Calcium binds to troponin that is around actin. Troponin is attached to the protein tropomyosin and lies within the groove between actin filaments in muscle tissue.The actin monomers also bind ATP, which is hydrolyzed to ADP following filament assembly.
The origin is the fixed attachment, while the insertion moves with contraction. The action, or particular movement of a muscle, can be described relative to the joint or the body part moved. Groups of muscles are involved in most movements and names are used to describe the role of each muscle involved.
Homeostatic Imbalances of the Muscular System. Hypertrophy of internal organs can sometimes be harmful. For example, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is a disease of the heart muscle in which a portion of the cardiac muscle is enlarged without any obvious cause.