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Dna replication (Meiosis (creates sex cells that consist of half as many…

- - - - In the other person's gamete, the other half of the chromosomes needed are found, and whichever batch ended up arriving first provides the specific code, or chromosomes, that make up a gene, which make up the traits, phenotype, and therefore phenotype of the future baby, formed from this cell produced by the conjunction of two gametes.
        
        Back to Mitosis.
- - - - Genes, made of 3 chromosomes each, determine the traits of the future product. In this case, the traits will make up the phenotype, or the physical result of chromosomal coding, which is determined by the genotype, which is the physical coding itself that instructs the creation of the phenotype.
        
        The Genotype is determined by the makeup of a gene, which is determined by the makeup of the chormosome's pattern. In this way, genotypes can be described as the simplified version of a puzzle where certain puzzle patterns equal certain results, or answers. Genotypes, since they consist of genes, have 2 types,which are also 2 types of genes:
        
        A recessive gene is the opposite to the dominant gene. If a trait is a recessive trait, this means it will only be expressed in the phenotype if the genotype for it's gene consists of two recessive genes, because a dominant gene's presence overpowers that of a recessive gene in most cases, where the recessive gene doesn't get expressed in the phenotype if that's the case (however there are exceptions). They are typically expressed with lowercase letters.
        
        A Dominant Gene is a gene that overpowers recessive genes when present. If a recessive gene carries a specific type of trait of "Yes I want this trait present" or "No I don't want it present", the dominant gene is most likely to be the opposite of that recessive gene's desire, and if the Dominant gene is there to stop it, then a recessive gene paired with a dominant gene can only hope that at some point in meiosis, it will be paired up with another recessive gene, or it will never be expressed. Typically expressed with uppercase letters.
        
        Once a genotype is determined, then the phenotype is determined as it gets coded out and executed, creating the results of the genes competition.
      - In mitosis, since it's not purely reserved for sex cells, often times the chromosomes in a cell code for types of proteins needed to produce the exact future type of protein needed to create the needed type of cell.
      - Sometimes, mutations can occur to chromosomes, creating different alleles, or alternate versions of a gene which cause a misinterpretation of the coding later on, and sometimes resulting in disorders and diseases that effect the creature/person for the rest of it's life. This is largely applicable in the genotype section.