Biological Membrane
Fluid Mosaic Model
theory of cell membrane structure with proteins embedded in a sea of phospholipids.
Glycolipid
lipid/phospholipid with a chain of carbohydrate molecules attached.
Glycoprotein
protein with a chain of carbohydrate molecules attached.
Plasma Membrane
Cell surface membrane
Diffusion
movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration; it does not involve ATP.
Facilitated diffusion
diffusion across a partially permeable membrane via protein channels or carriers; it does not involve ATP.
osmosis
passage of water molecules down their water potential gradient, across a partially permeable membrane.
Water potential
measure of the tendency of water molecules to diffuse from one region to another.
Active transport
the movement of substances against their concentration gradient, across a plasma membrane, using ATP and protein carriers.
Endocytosis
bulk transport of molecules, too large to pass through a plasma membrane even via channel or carrier proteins, into a cell.
Exocytosis
bulk transport of molecules, too large to pass through a plasma membrane even via channel or carrier proteins, out of a cell.
Crenated
a shrivelled animal cell that has lost water by osmosis.
Flaccid
plant tissue where there is no turgor- the tissue is soft.
Plasmolysed
plant cell where the contents have shrunk due to loss of water by osmosis and the plasma membrane has separated from the cell wall.
Turgid
a swollen state of plant cells that have taken in water by osmosis and reached their maximum state of swelling.
Glycocaylx
all of the carbohydrate molecules on the exterior of a plasma membrane.