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Physics Revision P6 - Molecules and Matter (Gases (pV = constant (p =…
Physics Revision P6 - Molecules and Matter
Density
Density = Mass/Volume (Kg/M³)
Density is the mass per unit volume of any object.
Objects that have a lower density than water (ie, <1000Kg/M³) float in water.
Solids have high density
Gases have low density
Liquids have usually have high density
Changes of State
Solid to Gas = Sublimation
When changes occur mass is always conserved
Changes are physical changes
Reverse change it will restore original properties
Evaporation = liquid to gas only on surface of liquid
States of Matter
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Internal Energy
Particles have kinetic energy
Internal energy is the energy stored in a system by the particles
Total kinetic energy and potential energy of all particles
Specific Latent Heat
Heat a substance, we increase the temp as we increase the energy of the particles
When substance changes state the temp stops increasing and stays constant
Specific Latent Heat is the amount of energy needed to change state of 1kg with no change in temp
Specific Latent Heat of Fusion - Energy needed to change 1kg of substance from solid to liquid
Specific Latent Heat of Vaporisation - energy needed to change 1kg of substance from liquid to vapour
E = m x L
E= Energy for change in state (J)
m = Mass (Kg)
L = Specific Latent Heat (J/Kg)
Specific Heat Capacity
Amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of the substance by 1°C
Gases
Particles are far apart
Pressure = particles colliding with the walls of container
Increasing the temp, increases the pressure
If the volume of the container increases then the pressure decreases
Pressure is inversely proportional to volume - If volume increases, pressure decreases
pV = constant
p = pressure (Pa)
V = Volume (m³)
If double the pressure, half the volume
Particles in a gas move at random = Brownian Motion