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Neural Control of BP (Blood pressure (Peripheral vascular resistance (PVR)…
Neural Control of BP
Blood pressure
Diastolic
Ventricular systole
Systolic
Ventricular relaxation
Pulse pressure
SBP - DBP
Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)
Diastolic pressure + 1/3 pulse pressure
Cardiac output * TPR
CO = Stroke volume & HR
Peripheral vascular resistance (PVR)
Vessel radius/ diameter
Vasomotor tone
Vasoconstrict
Vasodilate
Smooth muscle
"Force that must be overcome to push blood through CVS"
Blood viscosity
RBC #, Plasma proteins, hydration (water)
Vasoconstriction
Autonomic nervous system
Kidney: Renin/ angiotensin
Adrenal medulla hormones
Vasodilation
Autonomic nervous system
Kidney: Vasodilators
Hormonal factors
Vessel elasticity
Arteriosclerosis = hardening
Cardiac output
CO = HR * SV
Sodium excretion / retenton
Renin/ aldosterone
Reticular formation of medulla & lower third of pons
Intrinsic reflex
Baroreceptors
Chemoreceptors
Monitors O2, CO2, H+ content in blood
↓ BP -> ↓ O2 -> ↑CO2/ H+ -> Stim chemoreceptors -> HTN
Regulate ventilation
Responds to CVS stimuli
Short term & rapid
Extrinsic reflex
Pain & temperature change
Response through hypothalamus
From outside of CVS
Baroreceptors
Aortic arch
Aortic sinus (behind aortic valve cusps)
Carotid sinus
Tension in artery walls (Stretch)
cardiovascular centers in brain stem
Change HR
Change vascular smooth muscle tone
Vasodilate
Decrease BP
Vasoconstrict
Increase BP
Detected by
Impulse to
Located in
Causes
Change in
Controlled by