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MODULES 26-30, MODULE 26 (26-1 (associative learning: learning that…
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MODULE 26
26-1
associative learning: learning that certain events occur together. the events may be 2 stimuli (classical conditioning) or a response and its consequence (operant conditioning)
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operant behavior: behavior that operates on the environment, producing consequences
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learning: the process of acquiring through experience new and relatively enduring info. or behaviors
26-4
acquisition: in classical conditioning, the initial stage, when one links a neutral stimulus and a US so that the neutral stimulus begins triggering the CR. In operant conditioning, the strengthening of a reinforced response
higher-order conditioning: a procedure in which the CS in conditioning experience is paired with a new neutral stimulus, creating a second CS (often weaker)
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spontaneous recovery: the reappearance, after a pause, of an extinguished conditioned response
generalization: the tendency, once a response has been conditioned, for stimuli similar to the CS to elicit similar responses
discrimination: in classical conditioning, the learned ability to distinguish between a conditioned stimulus and similar stimuli that do not signal a US
26-3
neutral stimulus{NS}: in classical conditioning, a stimulus that elicits no response before conditioning
unconditional response (UR): in classical conditioning, an unlearned, naturally occurring response to an unconditioned stimulus
unconditional stimulus (US): in classical conditioning, a stimulus that unconditionally-naturally and automatically- triggers an UR
conditioned response (CR): in classical conditioning, a learned response to a previously neutral (but now conditioned) stimulus (CS)
conditional stimulus (CS): in classical conditioning, an originally neutral stimulus that, after association with an US, comes to trigger a CR
26-2
classical conditioning: a type of learning in which we link two or more stimuli; {add more stuff definition}
behaviorism: the view that psychology should be an objective science that studies behavior without reference to mental processes
cognitive learning: the acquisition of mental info. whether by observing events, by watching others, or through language
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MODULE 27
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27-1
law of effect: Thorndike's principle that behaviors followed by favorable consequences become more likely, and that behaviors followed by unfavorable consequences become less likely
operant conditioning: a type of learning in which a behavior becomes more likely to recur of followed by a reinforcer or less likely to recur if followed by a punisher
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