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Respiration (Anaerobic (Glycolysis (4 ATP's, 2 consumed, leaving 2…

- - - - Obligate anaerobes
  - - - ATP is used for other metabolic reactions
        
        protein synthesis
        
        nucleic acid replication
        
        microtubule assembly
        
        ion transport
    - - too much NADH is made during glycolysis
        
        when all NAD+ is consumed, it can result in death
        
        electron dump = pyruvate
        
        NADH reacts with pyruvate forming lactate
        
        anion of lactic acid
        
        both are toxic :forbidden:
        
        can kill cells producing them :red_cross:
        
        in plants and fungi pyruvate is converted to acetaldehyde
        
        acetaldehyde reacts with NADH and forms ethanol
- - - - Electron Transport Chain
        
        carriers that react with oxygen and NADH placed in crista membranes
        
        only on matrix side
        
        NADH cannot pass inner membrane
        
        chemical reactio(shuttles) carry reducing power across
        
        glycerol phosphate shutle
        
        Malate-aspartate shuttle
        
        malate converted to aspartate
        
        1 more item...
        
        powers conversion of oxaloacetate to malate
        
        1 more item...
        
        produces 30+ ATP
        
        occurs in mitochondrial inner membrane
      - repeated 2x
      - breaks down pyruvate to ATP
        
        transported from cytosol to mitochondrial matrix
        
        it is oxidized and decarboxylated
      - Krebs Cycle
      - these names show different facts about cycle
        
        one intermediate is citrate
        
        the anion of citric acid
        
        pioneering work done mostly by Han Krebs
        
        several intermediates are tricarboxylic acids
        
        each has three carboxyl groups
    - - oxygen is abundant
        
        product is water
        
        nontoxic and beneficial : :smiley:
        
        doesn't require energy
- - - - Skunk Cabbage
    - - Voodoo Lily
        
        produce heat more efficiently than humans
        
        alternative electron carriers
        
        don't pump protons during electron transport