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Sexual Plant propagation (Sowing seeds (Fill the container to within 3/4…
Sexual Plant propagation
Seed germination - influenced by moisture, temperature, oxygen, and in some cases light
Starting Seeds Indoors - proper sowing time before outdoor transplanting is 4-10 weeks for annual flowers and veggies
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Propagation media
peat moss, vermiculite (alone also provides for good seed germination; use fine grade), perlite
synthetic materials: Mineral wool cubes, Oasis
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Seedling care
bright, south facing window or 6 inches under two 40W fluorescent bulbs 14-16 hours/day
night temps 60-65 degrees F, daytime temp up to 10-15 degrees warmer
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fertilize with water-soluble fertilizer at 50% strength a few days after seedlings emerge, then regularly
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damping off - most common seedling disease; manage by drenching seedlings with fungicide labeled for Rhizoctonia at half recommended rate for mature plants
Transplanting
seedlings are ready when true leaves expand (allowing seedlings to grow too large reduces transplant success)
If fertilizing at transplanting, use starter solution at 50% rate for mature plants. OR, wait 7-10 days, and apply at standard rate
Seed Coat
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can encourage seeds with hard seed coats to modifying protective covering (soaking in warm water, nicking seed coat by filing or with sandpaper)
Dormancy
some seeds contain abscisic acid, which inhibits germination until after response to certain environmental conditions (after ripening)
stratification - Artificial exposure of seeds to correct combination of conditions to facilitate germination
Optimal stratification temperature range is 35-45 degrees F (varies with species.
Time of stratificiation also varies with species.
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temperature
Three categories: low temp, high temp, wide range of temps
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Air and Oxygen
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Heavy soils limit oxygen availability, as does overwatering after sowing seeds, thus adversely affecting germination rate
Light - some require light, some require darkness
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Sowing seeds
- Fill the container to within 3/4 inch from the top with the germination medium.
- Level and gently firm the medium.
- Use a sterile instrument or plant label to make shallow rows about 1 to 2 inches apart in the container.
- Sow the seeds uniformly and thinly in the rows just made and label immediately.
- Unless they require light for germination, cover seeds with fine vermiculite or milled sphagnum moss. As a general rule, seeds that do not require light should be covered to a depth of about twice their diameter.
- Moisten the medium with a fine mist until saturated and allow it to drain.
- Cover the container with clear plastic or place it in a plastic bag to prevent drying.
- Set the container in a warm location, between 75 and 80 degrees F.
- Set the container in a warm location, between 75 and 80 degrees F.
- Monitor daily. Watch for temperature fluctuation and seedling emergence. Containers should be uncovered and moved into bright light when seedlings begin to emerge.