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Integumentary System (Hair Flexible, Dead, Hard Keratin Cells (Layers…

- - - - Apocrine
        
        Axillary
        
        Anal
        
        Genitals
        
        Secrete through Hair Follicles
        
        Fatty Substances & proteins
        
        Milky or Yellow color
        
        Odor producing
      - Eccrine
        
        Palms
        
        Soles
        
        Forehead
        
        Secreted through Pores
        
        Salts, Sodium, Chloride, Urea, Ammonia, Uric Acid
- - - - Stratum Corneum
        Most Superficial, Many Cells
        
        Keratinocytes
        Dead, Flat sacs with Keratin
        
        Plasma Membrane & Keratin
        Protect Skin
        
        Glycolipid
        Waterproof
        
        Layer of Dead Cells
        Shed Regularly
        
        Dandruff & Dry Skin
      - Stratum Lucidum
        Flat, Dead Keratinocytes
        
        Thick Skin
        
        Identical to Bottom of Stratum Corneum
      - Stratum Granulosum
        1-5 Thin Layers of Flattened Keratinocytes
        
        Keratohyalin Granules
        Help Form Keratin in Superficial Layers
        
        Lamellar Granules
        Waterproof Glycolipid Secreted into Extracellular Space
      - Stratum Spinosum
        Spinelike Extensions of Keratinocytes
        
        Several Layers Thick
        
        Mitosis Occurs
        
        Cells contain Filaments
        Tension-resisting protein
        
        Dendritic Cells
      - Stratum Basale
        Deepest
        
        Attached to Dermis
        
        Single row of Stem Cells
        
        Tactile Epithelial Cells
        
        Melanocytes
        
        Mitosis Occurs
    - - Keratinocytes
        Produce Keratin
        
        Protection
        Tough Fibrous Protein
        
        Physical & Mechanical Protection
        
        Produce Antibiotics & Enzymes
        
        Deepest Part of Epidermis
        Continuous mitosis pushes cell up through layers
        Dead upon arrival to skin's surface
      - Melanocytes
        Spider-Shaped Cell
        
        Produce Melanin
        
        Stratum Basale Layer
        
        Protects cell Nuclei from UV rays
        Damage DNA, Cause Cancer
        
        UV Rays
        Increase productions of Melanin
        Increase transfer to Keratinocytes
        
        Trigger immune & inflammatory response
      - Tactile Epithelial or "Merkel Cells"
        Hemisphere-Shaped Cell
        
        Sensory Nerve Ending
        Disclike
        
        Receptor for Touch
        
        Stratum Basale Layer
      - Dendritic
        Star-Shaped Cell
        
        Immune System
        
        Antigen-Presenting
        
        From Skin to Lymph Nodes
        Trigger an Immune Response
    - - Palms
      - Soles
    - - Covers rest of Body
  - - - Fibroblasts
      - Macrophages
      - Mast Cells
      - White Blood Cells
    - - Collagen
      - Elastic
      - Reticular
    - - Papillary Layer (Superficial)
        Areolar Connective Tissue
        
        Thin Collagen & Elastic Fibers
        
        Dermal Papillae
        Fingerlike Projections
        
        Fingerprints
        Palmprints
        Footprints
      - Reticular Layer (Deeper)
        Dense Irregular Connective Tissue
        
        Extracellular Matrix
        Thick bundles of interlacing Collagen & Elastic fibers
        
        Cleavage or Tension Lines
        
        Collagen Fibers
        Strength & Resilience
        
        Elastic Fibers
        Stretch & Recoil
        
        Flexure Lines
        Continuous Folding over Joints
- - - - Lunule
        White Crescent under nail
    - - Nail Matrix
        Active Growing Part