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Role of Education in Society Functionalism (Role Allocation and…
Role of Education in Society Functionalism
Social Solidarity
Maintain society by socializing young people into key cultural values
Achievement
Competition
Equality of opportunity
DURKHEIM
Teaching skills necessary for work
A modern school-based system is the only way of providing individuals with the diverse skills necessary for this to take place
Modern industrial economies have a complex division of labour
DURKHEIM
Role Allocation and Meritocracy
Society needs the more able to do the most important jobs leaving others to do less demanding jobs
Education allocates people to the most appropiate job based on their qualifications and talents
Meritocracy
There is equality of opportunity, where everyone has the chance of success
Critics
Education is not meritocratic as cultural capital allows those from more priviliged backgrounds to attend better schools
DAVIS AND MOORE
School acts as a bridge between home and wider society
Children are judged by universalistic standards
PARSONS
Arguments supporting the Functionalist view
There is a strong correlation between education levels and salary
There is a strong correlation between education levels and unemployment levels
Social solidarity is created as teachers help students who are behind and give them a sense of belonging at the school so they can succeed
Arguments criticising the Functionalist view
Children from private schools are more likely to have a high earning profession
The education system doesn't teach specialised skills adequately
Marxists argue that eudcation in capitalist society only transmits the ideology of a minority - the ruling class
They wrongly assume that pupils passively accept all they're taught and never reject the school's values