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Cardiovascular System (Anatomy of the heart (Wall of the heart (Myocardium…

- - - - Parietal pericardium- lines the fibrous pericardium
      - Visceral pericardium- outer layer of the epicardium,
        and visceral layer of the pericardium
  - - - Cardiac muscle cells differ from skeletal
        
        cardiac contains intercalated discs
        
        Cardiac muscle cells are only
        found in the heart
        
        contain a lot of myoglobin and
        mitochondria due to oxygen usage
      - The cells are connected closely together through
        gap junctions and desmosomes at the intercalated discs
      - Myocardium contractions pump blood through the heart and into major arteries.
  - - - Right atrium- receives blood from systematic circulation
      - Left atrium- receives blood from pulmonary circulation
    - - Right- blood flows from the right atrium through the tricuspid to the right ventricle
      - Left- blood flows from the left atrium through the bicuspid to the left ventricle
  - - - Right AV valve- (tricuspid) connected to very strong strands of connective tissue via chordae tendinae, prevent back flow.
      - Left AV valve- (bicuspid or mitral)- connected to papillary muscles similarly to right AV valve
    - - Pulmonary SL valve- deoxygenated blood from the right atrium leaves the heart through here to go to the lungs
      - Aortic SL valve- oxygenated blood from the left ventricle leaves the heart through this valve to go to the body
- - - - Made of irregular connective tissue
  - - - Made of smooth muscle
        and connective tissue with elastic
        collagen fibers
  - - - Made of squamous epithelial tissue
- - - - Ventricular systole
        
        Isometric ventricular relaxation
        
        Ventricular diastole
        
        AV valves open
        
        SL valves closed
        
        SL valves open
        
        AV valves closed
      - SL valves closed
      - AV valves closed
- - - - Arterioles
        
        Capillaries
        
        Venules
        
        Veins
        
        Back to the Heart
- - - - AV node
        
        AV bundle
        
        Bundle
        
        Branches
        
        Purkinje fibers