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Early republic (James Madison (4th U.S. President, War of 1812, o Causes –…
Early republic
James Madison
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o Causes – British ships continued to impress U.S. sailors; British encouraged Native Americans to attack American settlers
o Effects – U.S. earned worldwide respect & maintained their independence from Britain; Sparked the Industrial Rev. & manufacturing increased
o Treaty of Ghent – Ended the War of 1812. Andrew Jackson is seen as a hero after he defeated the British at the Battle of New Orleans.
George Washington
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• Established precedents: cabinet, two terms, farewell address
Hamilton’s Economic Plan
to Repay the states’ and national gov’t debts in order to establish the nation’s credit
to Create the U.S. National Bank to stabilize the U.S. economy
to Tax whiskey farmers on whiskey to raise money
Thomas Jefferson
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Louisiana Territory – Purchased for $15million from France (Napoleon Bonaparte)
o Doubled the size of the U.S. Lewis and Clark were sent to explore the Louisiana Purchase and travelled along the Missouri River.
Marbury v. Madison – established Judicial Review: the right of the Supreme Court to declare a law unconstitutional.
Embargo Act – Due to British impressment of American sailors, the Embargo Act prohibited the U.S. from trading with European nations.
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Whiskey Rebellion – Uprising by western farmers who refused to pay the federal whiskey tax. This uprising was quickly put down and it showed how
strong the federal gov’t was under the Constitution
Proclamation of Neutrality – Due to the U.S. being a new country and having a weak military Washington issued this Proclamation, which stated that the
U.S. would remain neutral, and avoid taking sides in any European conflict or get involved in any foreign war.
Washington’s Farewell Address – Stated that the U.S. should “steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world”.
Washington gave 3 warnings: 1) Avoid foreign alliances (neutrality) 2) Avoid political divisions (political parties) 3) Avoid more national debt
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