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Early Republic (James Monroe (Monroe Doctrine - foreign policy statement…
Early Republic
James Monroe
Monroe Doctrine - foreign policy statement by President James Monroe stating that 1) the U.S. would not interfere in European affairs, and 2) that the
western hemisphere was closed to colonization and/ or interference by European nations.
McCulloch v. Maryland – Ruled that Congress had the power to create a National Bank according the “necessary and proper” clause in the Constitution.
Also ruled that a state could not tax a national bank; increased the power of the federal/ national gov’t.
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Missouri Compromise (1820) – Admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state and prohibited slavery in the Louisiana Territory north of the
“Missouri Compromise Line” (36o 30’), except Missouri. Kept the balance between free & slave states.
George Washington
Whiskey Rebellion – Uprising by western farmers who refused to pay the federal whiskey tax. This uprising was quickly put down and it showed how
strong the federal gov’t was under the Constitution
Proclamation of Neutrality – Due to the U.S. being a new country and having a weak military Washington issued this Proclamation, which stated that the
U.S. would remain neutral, and avoid taking sides in any European conflict or get involved in any foreign war.
Washington’s Farewell Address – Stated that the U.S. should “steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world”.
Washington gave 3 warnings: 1) Avoid foreign alliances (neutrality) 2) Avoid political divisions (political parties) 3) Avoid more national debt
James Madison
War of 1812
Causes – British ships continued to impress U.S. sailors; British encouraged Native Americans to attack American settlers
Effects – U.S. earned worldwide respect & maintained their independence from Britain; Sparked the Industrial Rev. & manufacturing increased
Treaty of Ghent – Ended the War of 1812. Andrew Jackson is seen as a hero after he defeated the British at the Battle of New Orleans.
Thomas Jefferson
Louisiana Territory – Purchased for $15 million from France (Napoleon Bonaparte)
Doubled the size of the U.S.
Lewis and Clark were sent to explore the Louisiana Purchase and traveled along the Missouri River.
Marbury v. Madison – established Judicial Review: the right of the Supreme Court to declare a law unconstitutional.
Embargo Act – Due to British impresment of American sailors, the Embargo Act prohibited the U.S. from trading with European nations.
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