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Art and culture (Impressionism (Examples (Claude Monet, Renoir, Degas,…
Art and culture
Impressionism
1870
Paint outdoors
Use of
Thin brushstrokes
Overlapping pure colours
Examples
Claude Monet
Renoir
Degas
Sorolla
Architecture
New Materials
Need of functional buildings
Widespread
Iron
Steel
Glass
Concrete
USA: Skyscrappers
Chicago School
The fire razed the city
Need of reconstruction with high free-wood buildings
Solution
Concrete, iron and glass
Use of elevator
High cost of land in the city center
Skycrappers
Monadnock Building
Auditorium Building
Flatiron Building
Sullivan Building
Europe: Modernism
Origin
Universal Exhibitions
Eiffel Tower (1889)
Carachteristics
Reconciliation of useful objects with art
Use of new materials
Search of beauty
undulating and asymetric shapes
Inspiration in the nature
Plants
Animals
Waves
flames
Examples
Victor Horta
Henry van de Velde
Antoni Gaudí
Lluís Domènech
Post-impressionism
1886
Precedent of Avant-garde movements
Examples
Cézanne
Gauguin
Van Gogh
Avant-garde movements
Beginning of 20th century
Rupture with the traditional art
Movements
Fauvism
Flat colours
Importance of drawing
Matisse
Expressionism
1905
Representation of moods and emotions
Arbitrary colours
Introverted figures
Fantastic themes
Munch
Kirchner
Cubism
1907
Phases
Analytic cubism
Decomposition of objects into geometric forms
Representation from different points
Syntethic cubism
Construction of objects from independent elements
Examples
Picasso
Braque
Surrealism
1920
Illogical scenes
Creation of strange creatures
Examples
Dalí
Miró
Inspiration in dreams and subconcious