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WORKING CLASS POLITICAL MOVEMENT (Industrial Revolution (19th Century…
WORKING CLASS POLITICAL MOVEMENT
Industrial Revolution
Technological advances
Economic changes
Industrial capitalism
Agriculture
Lost
Importance
Industry
Gained
Great Britain
1750-1840
Slow
Process
'Revolution'
Why?
Transformed society
Affected economy
Long
19th Century
Belgium
France
Germany
USA
1840s
Agricultural techniques
Raw materials
Trade
Spain
Slow process
Poor coal
Insufficient capital
Limited demand
Two industries
Iron & steel industry
Marbella
Charcoal
Later
Asturias
British coal
Vizcaya
Cotton industry
Cataluña
British machinery
Late 18th Century
NO estates system
Class-based society
People's status
Depended on
Job
Wealth
Rather than
Family background
Origins
Result of
Revolutions
Late 18th Century
French Revolution
Abolished
Privileges from
Nobility
Clergy
Industrial Revolution
Made
Wealthy bourgeoisie
More important
Owned
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'Created'
Social group
Industrial workers
Proletariat
Characteristics
People's class
Determined by
Job
Wealth
Wages
Businesses
Buildings
Other incomes
Lands
All citizens
Equal before
The law
BUT
Economic differences
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Three groups
Middle class
Merchants / craftsmen
Owned their
Workshops
Shops
Farmers
Owned
Small
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Civil servants
Lawyers
Provided services
Doctors
Working class
Tenant farmers
Rented holdings
Cultivated lands
Agricultural labourers
Seasonal work
Were paid
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Industrial workers
Proletariat
Worked in
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Upper class
Nobility
Obtained incomes
From
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Wealthy bourgeoisie
Bourgeois capitalists
Bankers
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Business owners
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Factory owners
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Working conditions
Industries
Working class
Terrible
Working
Living
Conditions
Lack of
Hygiene
Safety
Led to
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Child labour
Common
Factories
Mines
Workers
No rights
Accident
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Death
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Illness
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14-16 h/day
Strict discipline
Fines for
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Workers
No right
Strike
Meetings to
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Protest
Low wages
Insufficient for
Family support
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Wealthy bourgeoisie
Higher standards
Comfortable houses
Holidays
Healthcare
Education
Entertainment
Led to
Protests against
Factory owners
Based on
Principles of
Economic liberalism
No restrictions
Thought that
Improved conditions
Less profits
Opposed
Proletariat organisation
Early 19th
Trade unions
1830s
Associations
Workers
Same industry
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Chartist movement
1838-1848
Demanded
Political reforms
Salaries
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Suffrage
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Laws
Protected
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Let
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Rejected
Luddites
1811
Protested by
Destroying machines
Death penalties
Demands conceded
Political reforms
Proletariat
Represented in
Parliament
Government
Associations
Free
Better
Hygiene
Less
Accidents
Deaths
Illnesses
Safety
Right to
Strike
Protest
Child labour
Banned
Suffrage
Universal manhood
Working days
Shorter
Mps
Not just
Property owners
Wages
Higher
Revolutionary ideologies
19th Century
Promoted
Proletariat's interests
Aimed to
Transform society
Marxism
Socialism
Developed by
Friedrich Engels
Karl Marx
Based on
Analysis of
Politics
Economy
Stages
Would
Establish
Communism
Destruct
Capitalism
Class struggle
Proletariat
Organise
Struggle against
Oppressors
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Would
Gain
Political power
Dictatorship
Proletariat
Political power
New order
Established
Communist economy
Private property
(Capitalism)
Abolished
Means of production
Socialised
Owned by
State
Proletariat
Owners
As social group
State
Plan
Organise
Use of
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Organise
Control
Economic activity
Collective
Communist society
No classes
Equal
Abolition of
Class-based society
Anarchism
Developed by
Pierre Joseph Prudhon
Advocate
Mikhail Bakunin
Supported
Abolition of
Capitalism
Social revolution
Principles
Individual freedom
People
Fought against
Institution
Authority
Limited freedom
State
Church
Direct action
Individual representation
Elections
Political parties
Rejected
Private property
Abolished
Independent communes
Means of production
Owned
Collectively
Decisions
Popular assemblies
The International
Late 19th
Leaders of
Workers' organisations
European countries
Meetings
Proletariat
Same problems
Everywhere
First International
London
1864
Marxists
Anarchists
Trade unionists
Objective
Coordinate
Workers' action
Over the world
Encouraged
Collective ownership
Advocate
Workers' rights
Trade unions
Political parties
1876
Dissolved
Disagreements
Marxists
Anarchists
Second International
Paris
1889
Achievements
Establishing
1st May
International day
Worker's rights
Working
8 hours/day
Included
Socialist parties
No
Trade unions
Anarchists
Dissolved
1914
1st World War