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Section 2 - Topic 1a - Personality (Social Learning Theory (Personality is…
Section 2 - Topic 1a - Personality
Narrow Band Approach
Type A
Impatient and intolerant
Like to be in control
Organised and work fast
Highly competitive, ambitious and need to succeed (win)
Prone to high personal anxiety / stress
Type B
Relaxed and tolerant
Low personal anxiety / stress
Work steadily
Not driven purely by achievement
Less focused on winning or losing
Creative and reflective
Trait Approach
Unstable
Anxious, worried and moody.
Overly emotional and find calming down difficult.
Stable
Emotionally Calm
Unreactive
Unworried
Extrovert
Sociable and outgoing.
Seek excitement / external arousal and stimulation as they become
bored easily (naturally low arousal levels).
May lack concentration.
Optimistic and impulsive.
Introvert
Reserved, shy and may avoid social situations.
Avoid external stimulation as they have naturally high arousal levels.
High levels of focus / concentration.
Social Learning Theory
Personality is situational and can change based on the environment person is in.
The environment and the behavior of others (role models) can influence a person’s personality.
Moral judgement and social norms can be learnt by observing significant others (who are likely to be copied) leading to changes in personality.
Interactionist Approach
People are born with personality characteristics / traits which can be modified by interacting with the environment.
The interaction between personality and the situation (environment) determines behaviour.
This explains how sports performers can be shy and reserved off the pitch but become aggressive, loud and brash when competing.
Personality
The patterns of thoughts and feelings and the way we interact with the environment and other people that make us unique.