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5.1 Introduction to Soil Systems (Soil Horizons (Processes (Translocation,…
5.1 Introduction to Soil Systems
Functions of Soil
Medium for crop plantation
Habitat for many organisms
Holds water and nutrients
Store and transfer heat
Main components
Organic remains
Water
Mineral particles
Air
Soil Horizons
Surface soil
Subsoil
Organic matter
Parent rock
Bedrock
Processes
Translocation
P<E
Leaching
P>E
Salinization
Soil structure
Clay
sticky
Silt
slippery
Sand
gritty, fall apart easily
Soil texture triangle
Soil properties
Permeability
Porosity
pH
Soil sustainability
Fertile soil is non renewable
Nutrients leach out
Solutions to leaching
Organic matter application
Crop rotation
Growing legumes
1/3 Earth's soil is degraded
Sub-saharan Africa
Poor land management in EU
Soil System
Input
Leaf litter
Output
Uptake by plants and soil erosion
Transfer
Leaching
Translocation
Transformation
Decomposition
Weathering
Nutrient cycling