cranium---- frontal,parietal bones,occipital bone, temporal bones,sphenoid bone, and ethmoid bone
facial bones- maxillary palatine bones,,zygomatic bones, lacrimal bones, nasal bones, vomer, inferior nasal conchae, mandible
hyoid bone
vertebral column-26 adult 33 infantile
cervical (7 vertebrae bone in neck) atlas, axis
thoracic region(12 vertebrae in thoracic cavity)
lumbar region( 5 large vertebrae in abdominal cavity)
sacrum-1
coccyx-1
curvatures
-primary curvatures
;exist at birth
-secondary curvatures
;develop during infancy
-intervertebral disk=protective pad of fibrocartilage between individual veertbra; a slightly movable joint
Thoracic cage includes the ribs, sternum, thoracic vertebrae, and costal cartilages.
Ribs
12 pairs
articulate anteriorly with sternum through costal hyaline cartilage
three types;
true ribs; upper 7 pairs C1-C7
false ribs; remaining 5 pairs of ribs
floating ribs; 11th and 12th pair in the back
sternum in between the ribs