Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Intellectual Disabilities (Social Impact (goal for independent living,…
Intellectual Disabilities
Behavior Impact
unable to meet age appropriate cultural standards
unable to do things for themselves that most people can do for daily living
deficits in adaptive behavior
loneliness
overly trusting
trying to please others
gullible
Social Impact
goal for independent living
unable to meet age appropriate cultural standards
need instruction in socialization/befriending
neglected or rejected in school
display lower levels of personal efficacy
outer-directedness leaves them vulnerable to peer pressure
unaware of social judgement
need instruction and practice in decision-making
desire to be accepted and liked
do not participate in recreational or leisure activities
Processing Impact
need specific training in life skills
depends on level of severity
Academic Impact
can learn with instruction
need for concentration on functional reading, writing, and math skills
difficulties with vocabulary
significantly sub-average IQ scores (70 or below)
difficulties with abstract learning
deficits in intellectual functioning
learning is slower and less efficient
respond better to direct, consistent instruction
Old Terms Used
idiocy
feeblemindedness
mental deficiency
mental handicap
mental subnormality
mental impairment
mental disability
mental retardation
Placement
trainable
moderate intellectual disability
IQ range of 35 to 55
expected to develop self-care and daily living skills
could acquire basic reading adn math skills necessary for survival
thought capable of working in sheltered environments
now called moderate
10%
custodial
severe of profound intellectual disability
IQ range less than 40
education designed to develop basic communication adn mibility skills
work to develop simple self-care skills such as eating and using the toilet
now called severe
5%
educable
ability to become literate at a basic level
able to acquire basic vocational skills necessary for independent living
mild intellectual disability
IQ range of 50 to 70
now called mild
80-90%
Causes
prenatal
prenatal smoking
fetal trauma
fetal alcohol effects
fetal alcohol syndrome
hypoxia/lack of oxygen
infections
congenital syphilis
HIV
Rubella
cytomegalovirus
toxoplasmosis
lead poisoning
inadequate nutrition
drug exposure
postnatal
postnatal cerebral infections/encephalitis
lead poisoning
childhood traumatic brain injury
premature birth
low birth weight
inadequate nutrition
social risk factors
domestic violence
maternal malnutrition
lack of prenatal care
family poverty
lack of intellectual stimulation
teenage mother
behavioral risk factors
parental smoking, alcohol, or drug use
parental abandonment, abuse, neglect
unsafe living and learning environments
difficult child behaviors
educational risk factors
deficits in parental cognitive functioning
inadequate early intervention/special education
lack of family support
Biomedical
Downs syndrome
fragile X
Williams Syndrome
Prader-Willi syndrome
anencephaly
phenylketonuria (PKU)
spins bifida
hydrocephalus