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Implications of obtaining and using hydrocarbons. (What is Hydrocarbon…
Implications of obtaining and using hydrocarbons.
What is Hydrocarbon
Organic compound
consist of hydrogen and carbon
Carbon atoms
frameworks of compound
4 valence electrons are bonded
Hydrogen atoms
attach to carbon atoms
many configurations
different uses
Essential part of petroleum and natural gas
Serve as fuel and lubricant
raw materials for production
such as plastic, rubber, fibres and further industrial materials
Present in trees and plants
in pigments called carotenes
Mainly occur in nature
98% of natural crude rubber is hydrocarbon polymer
Two types
Aromatic
Chemical degradation of plant extracts
much more stable
classified as arenes
can contain Benzene ring as the structural unit
Some dont
called nonbenzenoid aromatic hydrocarbons
possess special stability
Aliphatic
Chemical degradation of fats or oils
Three main groups
Based on the type of bonds
Saturated
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unsaturated
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Alkanes
Single bond
saturated compounds
general equation CnH2n + 2
examples include
Methane
CH4
Propane
C3H8
ethane
C2H6
butane
carbon bonded in a chain
isobutane
Branched chain of carbon
isomers
different compounds with the same chemical formula
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different chemical and physical properties
Alkenes
carbon - carbon double bond
general molecular formula CnH2n
Alkynes
carbon - carbon triple bond
general formula CnH2n − 2
Uses
Alkanes
Run cars
heat up water
heat our homes
Cooking
Used to make plastic
Alkynes
Torches to weld and cut
making polymers
artificially ripe fruits
alkenes
industrial uses
raw material
alcohol
plastic
fuel
detergent
Implications of Hydrocarbon
Advantages
Environment
Carbon dioxide release
can be controlled
Other gas release
can be controlled
expensive
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Does not pollute ground or water
products are in gaseous form
Apart from acid rain
Society
Hydrocarbon is used for fuel
Electricity
Fuelling a car
Other machines
Industrial uses
Used to heat up our homes
Used for cooking
frequently
cheap
main form of fuel
expensive to change
Quick supply of energy
Powering home appliances
efficient
Used in our everyday lives
Provide jobs for people
such as mining
Materials useful in our everyday lives such as plastic
Abundant
available almost everywhere
Disadvantages
Environment
Complete combustion
Release of Carbon Dioxide
Greenhouse gas
Restricts radiation of heat
away from earth
Incomplete combustion
formation of carbon monoxide
poisonous
Oil and coal
Sulfur dioxide
Dissolved into air
Acid rain
Affect animals and crops
Contributes to global warming
Devastating effects
Irreversible
Affects organisms on earth
Society
Incomplete Combustion
limited supply of air
carbon is released as smoke
respiratory irritant
Oil and Coal
Sulfur compounds
Respiratory Irritant
Acid rain
damages limestone buildings
Not a renewable source
Will run out in the future
Mining
Destroys land for agriculture
loss of jobs
Dangerous conditions