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Social Psychology: Social influence revision (Conformity (Types of…

- - - - Public behaviour is different from private opinion but agrees to avoid disapproval while personal opinion is different
    - - conformity to social role = pick up beliefs + behaviours of group that you belong to BUT can change if you leave said group
    - - Private opinion reflects public behaviour = new opinion becomes part of value system
  - - - Research
        
        Jenness
        
        Ambiguous situation = how many jellies in a jar
        
        Originally had to estimate on their own
        
        then shared thoughts in group
        
        group came up with group estimate
        
        Individual estimate again
        
        individual estimate tended to change more to group estimate second time + believed that = internalisation
        
        Abraham et al.
        
        Only influenced by people in unambiguous situations that we identify w/ e.g. friends
      - Evaluation
        
        evolutionary basis = looking to others in dangerous situation is survival factor
        
        Jenness was laboratory experiment = lacks ecological validity
        
        Jenness may have involved NSI as well
      - Copy behaviour of group b/c they think they know what they are doing = applies to new situations
    - - Research and evaluation is Asch
      - Yielding to pressure of group to be liked/accepted = links with compliance
  - - - Unambiguous situation = which degree ppl would conform to majority when answer obviously wrong
      - 123 males in group of confederates w/ only one being pp unknowingly
        
        standard line w/ 3 comparisons + had to say which matched standard
        
        Confederates went 1st + pp went last
        
        18 trials: 12 critical and 6 control
    - - error rate in control group = 0.04% (low)
      - 32% conformity w/ 75% conforming at least once
        
        25% never conformed
        
        Most conformed publically but not privately = NSI
    - - Positives
        
        Easily replicated = paradigm
        
        did debriefing to see if pps were psychologically well = ethical
        
        Practical application: advertisors use fact that ppl conform to peers + buy what they recommend
      - Negatives
        
        laboratory study
        
        deception = unethical
        
        only one at a time = uneconomical
        
        50s = Mcarthyism
        
        Androcentric sample b/c all men