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Structural Linguistics (Example: A child acquiring language by learning…
Structural Linguistics
Example: A child acquiring language by learning regularly occurring sentence patterns through a process of stimulus and response.
Definition: attempted to describe language by looking at sentence patterns, particularly patterns in oral language
Characteristics: formed the basis for beliefs about language development, along with behaviorism. A child learning as a result of the environment acting on the child.
Non example: Humans are born with innate cognitive abilities and children acquire new language as the result of acting on their environment
Generative Grammar
Example: A child acquires knowledge of a language on relatively slight exposure and without specific training. Acquiring the basic structures of phonology and syntax occur at an early age. 
Definition: Noam Chomsky developed a theory known as generative grammar. He was interested in describing language in terms of a small set of rules that could be applied to generate all the sentences of a particular language.
Characteristics: Since there is no limit to the number of different sentences that can be expressed in any language, there must be a finite set of rules capable of generating an infinite number of sentences.
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Imitation Theory
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Characteristics: Language acquisition is seen as a process of memorizing the language spoken by others. Children imitate others as they attempt to communicate.
Non-example: Having the cognitive ability to learn language through the language acquisition device--being programmed to develop language
Reinforcement Theory
Definition: This theory holds that children develop language through positive reinforcement of standard language forms, and they are corrected when they produce nonstandard forms.
Example: If a child points to a dog and says, "That dog." And a parent corrects the child by saying "That is a dog. Say that is a dog."
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Characteristics: Reinforcing language through praise and repetition or correcting a child's language
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