5.3 Lean production and quality management

EFFICIENCY AND WASTE

Efficiency

How much gets produced (output) compared with the inputs

Better efficiency reduces costs

Waste

Any part of the production process that does not add value to the final consumer

7 main types

Transportation

Inventory

Motion

Waiting

Over-processing

Over-production

Defects

LEAN PRODUCTION

An umbrella term that covers a range of techniques aimed at reducing waste

Methods

Kaizen

Just in time

Kanban

Andon

Continuous improvement

Minimise costs by reducing or even eliminating the stock being held by a firm

Regulates the supply of components in a factory through the use of a card system

Is a notification system that alerts workers to potential problems in the manufacturing process

CRADLE-TO-CRADLE DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING

Model of designing and creating producs so as to minimise negative effects on the environment and all stakeholders

5 areas to apply it

Material safety

Material reuse

Use of renewable energy

Water conservation

Social fairness

QUALITY MANAGEMENT

A quality product meets, or esceeds, the needs of its target market

Methods

Quality control

Quality assurance

Quality improvement

Occurs at the end of the production process

Attempts to overcome design, process, delivery and inspections

Total quality management, quality circles and brenchmarking