Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Acute Inflammation (Characteristics (Outcomes:
Resolution (goes away)
…
Acute Inflammation
Characteristics
Outcomes:
Resolution (goes away)
Suppuration (pus formation, abscess)
Organisation (fibrosis, scars)
Progression to chronic inflammation
Involves:
Dilation of vessels
Vascular leakage of protein rich fluid
Neutrophil polymorphs are recruited (histology will show this for diagnosis of acute inflammation)
-
-
-
-
Causes
Physical agents e.g. radiation, trauma, heat
-
-
-
-
-
Vascular Changes
Capillary hydrostatic pressure is increased + plasma proteins escape capillaries so there is a lot more fluid in the extravascular space = increased vascular permeability
Net escape of protein rich fluid = exudation, so fluid = fluid exudate
Sphincters in the arterioles relax in acute inflammation, so blood flow is increased through capillaries leading to redness and heat
Causes of increased vascular permeability:
Chemical mediators e.g. histamine, bradykinin (immediate transient)
Severe direct vascular injury (immediate sustained)
Endothelial cell injury from X-ray or bacterial toxins (delayed prolonged)
-
-
-
Role of Immune Cells
-
Neutrophil Polymorph
-
-
With H&E stain, nucleus stains blue, cytoplasm stains pink
-
Macrophages
Phagocytosis, enhanced by opsonisation
-
-
DEFINITION = Inflammation is the local physiological response to tissue injury. NOT a disease but is usually a manifestation of disease
Good Effects:
Destroys invading microorganisms
Walls off abscess cavity
Prevents spread of infection by forming fibrin
Dilution of toxins
Bad Effects:
Abscess in brain compresses vital surrounding structures
Fibrosis can distort tissues and permanently alter function
Digestion of normal tissue
Inappropriate inflammatory response