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Reproduction (2) (Inheritance in Action (If the two alleles are the same,…
Reproduction (2)
Inheritance in Action
If the two alleles are the same, the individual is homozygous for that trait, but if the alleles are different they are heterozygous
A dominate allele is always expressed in the phenotype, even if only one copy is present
The alleles present, or genotype, operate at a molecular level to develop characteristics that can be expressed as the phenotype
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Most characteristics are the result of multiple genes interacting, rather than a single gene
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More about Genetics
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Ordinary human body cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes; 22 control general body characteristics only, but the sex chromosomes carry the genes that determine sex
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In human femals the sex chromosomes are the same (XX) whilst in males the sex chromosomes are different (XY)
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Inherited Disorders
Polydactyly is a dominant phenotype caused by a dominant allele which can be inherited from either or both parents
Cystic Fibrosis is a recessive phenotype and is caused by recessive alleles which must be inherited from both parents
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