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Reproduction (DNA Structure and Protein Synthesis (A sequence of three…
Reproduction
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The Best of Both Worlds
Some organisms depend on both asexual and sexual reproduction, depending on the circumstances
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Asexual reproduction needs only 1 parent, is time and energy efficient, often faster than sexual reproduction, and many identical offspring are produced when conditions are favorable
Many fungi reproduce asexually by spores, but can also reproduce sexually to give variation
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Many plants produce seeds sexually but also reproduce asexually, for example by runners or bulb division
Sexual reproduction produces variation that helps survival through natural selection if the environment changes
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DNA and the Genome
The whole human genome has now been studied and this will have great importance for medicine in the future
The genetic material in the nucleus of a cell is composed of DNA. DNA is a polymer made up of two strands forming a double helix
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Each gene codes for particular sequence of amino acids, to make a specific protein
Types of Reproduction
Asexual
There is no mixing of genetic information, leading to genetically identical offspring (clones)
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Sexual
Meiosis leads to the formation of non-identical cells, sperm and egg cells in animals, and pollen and egg cells in flowering plants
In sexual reproduction there is a mixing of genetic information that leads to variation in the offspring
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