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Energy Metabolism: Respiration (Total Energy Yield of Respiration : …
Energy Metabolism: Respiration
Types of Respiration
aerobic respiration
oxygen = final electron acceptor
strict aerobes = obligate
glycolysis
citric acid cycle (in matrix)
anaerobic respiration
no oxygen :forbidden:
glycolysis (in cytoplasm)
anaerobic obligates :forbidden:
facultatively anaerobic
pyruvate
electron acceptor
lactate
acetaldehyde
ethanol
inefficient
heat-generating respiration :fire:
lost heat : :fire:
increased entropy
thermogenic respiration
pentose phosphate pathway
intermediates
glycolysis
respiration of lipids
germination
Beta-oxidation
photorespiration
amino acids
wastes energy
Environmental and Internal Factors
temperature
affects plants greatly :
increased respiration >5°C
low respiration <5°C
lack of oxygen
roots=anaerobic
plants w/ low oxygen = okay
internal regulation
all cells
different cells = different respiration
Total Energy Yield of Respiration : :checkered_flag:
Aerobic = 36-38ATP
Anaerobic = 2 ATP
pentose phosphate pathway = 0-12 ATP
heat-generating respiration = 0 ATP
lipid respiration = variable ATP
photorespiration = 0 ATP
varying respiratory quotient
Fermentation of Alcoholic Beverages : :champagne:
Beer = fermenting grains
light beer = fewer carbohydrates
sake = fermented rice
Wine = fermented fruit juices
wine = rich in sugars
fortified wine = extra ethanol
Spirits = ethanol content above 20%
initial fermentation material = type of spirit
