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History: Crime and Punishment 1000-1500 (In this period... (William 1…
History: Crime and Punishment 1000-1500
In this period...
William 1 introduced church courts
there was tension between the church
people like priests and monks could be tried in church courts
church courts were often lenient and rarely sentenced people to court
sanctuary meant that someone on the run could avoid being caught
trial by ordeal was ended in 1215 by Pope Innocent III
Policing Methods
Hue and Cry
The community was meant to raise the 'hue ad cry' when a crime was committed.
Everyone was expected to join the chase to catch the criminal.
If not everyone joined the whole town would have to pay a heavy fine.
Trial by local jury
Up to them to decide who was telling the truth
Knew both the accuser and accused
Tithings
every male over the age of 12 was expected to join a group of about ten men.
They were responsible for each others actions and if one of them broke the law the tithing group was responsible for bringing them to justice.
Trial by ordeal
Trial by hot iron
the accused picked up a hot weight and walked three paces with it and if it healed in three days they were innocent
Trial by hot water
the accused had to put their hand in hot water and retrieve an object
the arm was bandaged and three days later if it was healing they were innocent
Trial by blessed bread
guilty if they choked
Taken by priests
Trial by cold water
if they floated and were 'rejected' then they were guilty
usually taken by men
Laws
Forest Laws
the nobles and the wealthy who owned the most land and most money had their rights and property protected by laws
Henry II ensured laws were written down. This helped to create standard laws across the country for the first time. (1154)
prisons
the community was also in charge of law and order
local county sheriffs
used just to hold people while they awaited trial
Punishments
capital and corporal
mutilation
ears
fingers
blinding
death penalty
public execution
hanging, drawing, quartering
Hanging
Mudrum fine
1066
the stocks and pillories
Wergild
used to settle cases of physical injury
unequal: depended on your social hierarchy how much you were worth
system of fines
ended in 1066
Crimes
poaching
hunting deer, cutting down trees for fuel and people in forests were not allowed to own dogs or a bow and arrow
few people regarded it as a crime as there was very little common land meaning they had to break the law or starve
public intoxication
witchcraft
vagrancy
crime against ...
person
murder
assult
property
theft
poaching
authority
rebellion
treason
most common type of crime