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Assignment 1 (Body systems (Endocrine system (adrenal gland, pituitary…
Assignment 1
Body systems
Integumentary system
hair, skin, nails
protects body structures
Nervous system
Brain
Spinal cord
Peripheral nerves
Detects sensory information
Cardiovascular system
Blood vessels
Heart
Delivers oxygen and nutrients to tissues
Skeletal system
Bones
Joints
Cartilage
Supports body
Respiratory system
lungs
trachea
nasal passageway
Delivers oxygen to blood
Endocrine system
adrenal gland
pituitary gland
pancreas
ovary
testis
kidneys
thyroid gland
Secretes hormones
Muscular system
Skeletal muscles
Tendons
Enables movement
Lymphatic system
Thymus
Spleen
Lymph nodes
Returns fluids to blood
Urinary system
Urinary bladder
Ureter
Urethra
Kidneys
Removes wastes from blood
Male reproductive
Epididymis
Testes
Delivers gametes to female
Female reproductive
Ovaries
Uterus
Mammary glands
Produces sex hormones
Digestive system
Gall bladder
Large intestine
Small instestine
Liver
Stomach
Processes food and removes waste
Hierarchical levels of organization
Atomic
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Carbon
Molecular
Carbon dioxide
Water
Macromolecules
Protein
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Nucleic acid
DNA, RNA
Cells
Squamous cells
Muscle cells
Tissue
Epithelial
Covers you
Connective
Tendon to bone
Muscle
Nervous
In brain and spinal cord
Organs
Heart
Blood vessels
Liver
Organelle
Plasma membrane
Ribosomes
Golgi apparatus
Organism
When all organ systems are put together
Anatomical position
standing erect
feet foward
arms to sides
palms facing toward
fingers down
pinky medial to the thumbs
eyes straight
Directional terms
Medial
closer to the middle of the body
The bladder is medial to the hips
Lateral
further from the midline
the ribs are lateral to the lungs
Superficial and deep
ex. further away from the skin is deeper
Proximal
closer to the place of attachment
The shoulder is proximal to the elbow
Distal
further from the place of attachment
The ankle is distal to the knee
Body planes/sections
Transverse
superior and inferior
Midsagittal/median
left and right equal portions
Parasagittal/sagittal
left and right portions
does not have to be equal
Coronal/frontal
anterior and posterior portions
ventral and dorsal
Terminology
Anatomy
Study of structures
location of body structures
The "what"
Physiology
how something functions
"The study of function"
The "how"
Anatomical regions
Axial
Cephalic
Cervical
Thoracic
Pelvic
Abdominal
Appendicular
Upper limb
Lower limb
Manus
Pedal
Put organs together to get an organ system
Several cells together make up tissue
Little part of a larger structure
Basic unit
small structure of an organism
Most directional terms refer to someone in this position
Trunk of body