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Protists (What is a protist (Diatoms are only one of vast varieties of…

- - - - Unicellular
      - beautiful glasslike cell walls
      - Live near or in water
      - Diatoms are a food source for heterotrophs in the water
      - Many Diatoms move by spewing chemicals and then gliding in them
      - When they die, their cell walls collect on the bottoms of oceans and lakes.
    - - Unicellular
      - Surrounded by stiff plates that look like a suit of armor.
      - Exist in a variety of colors
      - They have two flagella that make them whirl around in the water
      - They also glow in the dark
    - - Unicellular
      - They are found mostly in fresh water
      - They can be heterotrophs by obtaining food from their environment although most Euglenoids are autotrophs.
      - They have flagella
      - They have an eyespot which helps them locate the direction of a light source
    - - Almost all red algae are multicellular seaweeds.
      - Their red pigments are especially good at absorbing the small amount of light that is able to reach deep ocean waters
      - Carrageenan and agar, are both stabilizers that you can use to make gummy candy and ice cream like we use gelatin. It is found in a lot of asian quisine.
    - - Most green algae are unicellular. Some form colonies, and very few are multicellular.
      - Either fresh water or saltwater or when on land in rocks, or crevices in tree bark.
      - They're very closely related to plants that live on land. In fact, some scientists think that algae belong to the plant family
    - - Many of the organisms that are commonly called seaweeds are brown algae.
      - A typical brown algae has many plantlike structures.
      - Holdfasts anchor to rocks. Stalks support the blades. Many brown algae also have gas-filled sacs called bladders that allow the algae to float upright in the water.
      - They live in coll, rocky waters like along the atlantic coast of north america and even in the pacific coastal waters.
      - Some people eat brown algae. It is also used to thicken things.
- - - - They often are brilliantly colored.
      - They live along forest floors and other moist surfaces.
      - Some slime molds are so small that you need a microscope to see them.
      - Slime molds begin as tiny, amoeba-like cells. The cells use pseudopods to feed. Later, the cells grow bigger or join together to form a giant, jellylike mass.
      - When conditions become harsh, spore-producing strictures grow out of the mass and and release spores.
    - - Lives in water or moist places.
      - They grow in tiny threads that look like fuzz.
      - They attack many food crops such as potatoes and corn and grapes. A water mold attacked Irish potato crops which caused the great potato famine.
- - - - Amoeba belong to the group of protozoans called arcodines that move and feed by forming pseudopods which are temporary bulges of the cell.
      - Psuedopods form when cytoplasm flows toward one location and the rest of the organism follows. Amoebas use pseudopods to move away from bright light. They also use them to traph food.
      - Amoebas have a problem. Since they live in freshwater, small particles pass easily through the cell membrane into the cytoplasm. If excess water were to build up inside it, it would explode. They have what is called a contractile vacuole, a structure that collects the extra water and then expels it from the cell.
    - - Ciliates have structures called cilia which are hairlike things from cells that move with a wavelike motion. They use them to move and capture food
      - They have two vacuoles that expel water. It also has multiple nuclei. The big one controls everyday tasks. The small one functions in reproduction.
      - Paramecia usually reproduce asexually by binary fission. Sometimes, paramecia reproduce by conjugation. This occurs when two paramecia join together and exchange some of tehir genetic material.
    - - Flagellates may live in others bodies. one type of flagellate lives in the intestines of termites. There, they digest the wood that the termites eat, producing sugars for themselves and the termites. This is an example of symbiosis. When both partners benefit from living together, it is a type of symbiosis called mutualism.
      - Flagellates use one or more long, whiplike flagella to move.
      - Sometimes, a protozoan harms its host.
    - - These protozoans feed on cells and body fluids of their hosts.
      - They move in a variety of ways. one even produces a slime that allows it to slide from place to place!
      - Many of these protists have more than one host. For example Plasmodium, the protozoan that causes malaria, have two hosts.,The healthy mosquito bites a human with Malaria, becomes infected, and then bites a healthy person.