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CORTICOSTEROID INJECTIONS (ACTION (WBC = Leukocytes (Monocytes (C…
CORTICOSTEROID INJECTION
S
PHARMACOLOGY
HORMONE
CORTICOSTEROIDS
synthetic
derived from
cholesterol
GLUCOCORTICOSTEROID
Natural
adrenal gland
cortex
zona fasciculata
main effects
immunlogical
inflammation
metabolic
carbohydrate
lipid
protein
foetal development
body fluid homeostasisf
Mineralcorticosteroids
zona glomerulosa
regulate Na+ metabolism
Control
electrolytes
fluid balance
sodium & water
retention
potassium loss
= hypertension
Hypothalmus-Pituitary-Adrenal
HPA Axis
Hypothalmus
Corticotrophin Releasing Factor
CRF
Anterior Pituitary
Adrenocortitrophic hormone
ACTH
Adrenal cortex
ACTION
ANTI-
INFLAMMATORY
REDUCES
leukocytes
T & B lymphocytes
BLOCKS
Inflammatory mediators
WBC
= Leukocytes
Monocytes
Macrophages
larger
bacteriocidal
form pus
C-Steroids BLOCK
Lysosomal enzymes
for 4 - 6 hrs
supressed
T lymphocytes
produced
bone marrow
thymus gland
Activate
T-cells
macrophages
cytokines
protiens
released
Eicosanoid
cascade
histamine
prostoglandins
B lymphocytes
Y-shaped
antibody
mediators
HORMONE
enters cell
combines with receptor
activated
enters nucleus
activates RNA
synthesis protein
via mRNA
produces
hormone
response
REDUCES
inflammation
immune responses
INCREASED
risk of infections
INCREASES
liver glycogen deposition
glucogenesis
liver glucose output
protein catabolism
bone catabolism
= diabetes
= muscle waisting
= suppressed growth - children
= osteoporosis
= psychosis
= peptic irritation
DECREASES
glucose utilization
mood
= diabetes
= psychosis
= peptic irritation
ACTH
production
inhibited
adrenal suppression
may lead to
Cushings syndrome
CLINICALLY
REDUCED
WBC count
lysosomal enzymes
mediators of inflammation
REDUCED
erythaema
swelling
heat
tenderness