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Jacqueline Gutierrez Mrs. Yang 01/28/19 (major structures and functions…
Jacqueline Gutierrez
Mrs. Yang
01/28/19
major structures and functions of the eye
cornea: shield eye from germs, dust, and other harmful matter.
sclera: white outer layer or eyeball and provides protection and form.
optic nerve: to transfer visual info from retina to the vision centers of the brain via electrical impulses.
fatty tissue: cushions and protects eye
vitreous humor: helps maintain shape of the eye
retina: houses the sight receptors
choroid: houses many blood vessels necessary to bring O2 and nutrients to the back of the eye so it can function.
lens: focuses images from environment onto the retina.
iris: controls amount that enters the eye.
pupil: enlarges to allow more light, closes to restrict light.
major functions of endocrine system
The endocrine system is the collection of glands that produce hormones that regulate metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction, sleep, and mood, among other things.
It serves many different functions in the nervous system, and is also responsible for the direct control of the endocrine system through the pituitary gland. The hypothalamus contains special cells called neurosecretory cells—neurons that secrete hormones: Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
Major glands/organs and their
functions
hypothalamus:
-secretion of hormones is regulated by the hypothalamus of the brain
-main link between the nervous system and the endocrine system
-directs the release of hormones by its interactions with the pituitary gland (controls pituitary gland)
pituitary gland:
-responsible for controlling the body's growth
-secretes hormones that influence our responses to pain as well as hormones that signal the ovaries and testes to make sex hormones
-controls ovulation and the menstrual cycle
-sometimes known as the "master gland."
-secretes some hormones which affect other glands
pancreas
-regulates amount of sugar in the blood
-secretes hormones designed to keep the body supplied with fuel to produce and maintain stores of energy.
names of the hormones produced and their target organs along with functions
growth hormones
thyroid stimulating hormone
adrenocorticotropic hormone
prolactin
follicle- stimulating hormone
luteinizing hormone
antidiuretic hormone
oxytocin
Diseases
associated with the endocrine system.
type 1 diabetes
type 2 diabetes
giganticism
conjunctivitis
goiter
thyroid disease