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Genes (Mutates (Most useful mutations pass on to offspring (Snake fang…
Genes
Mutates
Mutations can be useful, useless, or unhelpful
Most useful mutations pass on to offspring
Snake fang venom instead of pancreatic venom is passed down
Sudden mutations that are unhelpful can happen but aren't usually passed on
Down syndrome is a negative mutation that isn't passed on
Punnet squares are used to find out the probability of a certain trait in offspring
Punnet squares can be used for
Skin color
Height
Created by Reginald Punnet
Gregor Mendel
Austrian monk who experimented with pea plants
Made the terms "recessive" and "dominant"
Made many rules and observations about genetics that are still used today
Located in DNA
DNA is in chromosomes
Chromosomes are in the nucleus
The nucleus is in the cell
The cell is in cell tissue
Cell tissue is in organs
Organs are in organ systems
Organ systems are in organisims
Alleles are the specific type of gene
Alleles decide the traits of offspring
Recessive traits only show up if there are no dominant traits
Attached earlobe
Light hair
Light eyes
Straight hair
Dominant traits always show up
Dark hair
Dark eyes
Free earlobe
Curly hair
Genotype alleles are all the alleles in the organisim
Phenotype alleles are alleles that are visible
Homozygous is used to describe an organism with 2
of the same allele
Heterozygous is used to describe organisms with 2 different types of alleles
A small part of DNA that controls traits of offspring
The purpose is to store information, especially in gametes for sexually reproduced offspring
