Freddy Lopez Eye and
Endocrine System
P.5
Major structures/ functions of the eye
Hormones and their target cells
Major glands/ organs and their functions
Major functions of the Endocrine System
Diseases
ADH
Kidney
(TH) (T3&T4)
Regulate the body’s metabolic rate
Growth Hormones (GH)
Bones and Muscles
Adrenal Glands regulate metabolism, balance salt and water in the body and help cope with physical and emotional stress
Pancreas regulate the levels of glucose in the blood
Parathyroid Gland release parathyroid hormones which regulate calcium levels in blood and bone metabolism
The Endocrine is regulated by feedback
Regulate the activity of cells and organs , regulate body growth metabolism sexual development and function
Gigantism/acromegaly
Reach 8 feet/ overgrown hands feet and face
Pituitary dwarfism
Can only grow to 3 feet
Color Blindness
Congenital, lack of one or more cone type
Choroid houses blood vessels, brings oxygen and nutrients
Ciliary Body controls the size of the lens
Retina houses sight receptors
Lens focuses images front he enviornment onto the retina
Vitreous Humor helps maintain the shape of the eye
Iris controls the amount of light that enters, gives eye it’s color
Fatty Tissue cushion and protect the eye
Pupil allows more and less light
Optic Nerve takes images and transmits them to the brain
Tapetum Lucidum reflects light onto the retina, levels of low light allows to see in the dark
Sclera protects and gives the eye its shape
Cornea allows light to pass into the eye
Epinephrine/ Norepinepherine
Blood
PTH
Osteoclasts
Insulin/glucogon
Blood Stream
Testosterone/ Estrogen
Bones and sex characteristics
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Testes makes changes associated with puberty
Thyroid Gland produces thyroid hormones that regulate the body’s metabolism
Ovaries growth of breasts, accumulating body fat around hip and thighs, regulate menstrual cycle
Pineal Gland helps regulate the wake-sleep cycle
Anterior Pituitary regulate growth, milk for breastfeeding and controls body water balance
Thymus influences hormones that the pituitary makes and releases
Goiter
Sweeling of the thyroid
Glaucoma
Drainage of the aqueous humor is blocked
Hypothyroidism
under-active thyroid
can cause dwarfism
Cataracts
clouding of the lens