Eye and Endocrine system Luz Ponce Period 5
Major Structures and functions of the eye
Major functions of the Endocrine
Major Glands/Organs and their functions
Diseases associated with the Endocrine
Names of the hormones produced and target
Fibrous-“white part of the eye”
Imbalance of GH
Children-gigantism- reach 8 feet
adults-acromegaly-overgrowth in hands, feet. and face
Hyposecretion of Gh
Hyperthyroidism
Graves Disease
Goiter
Hypothyroidism
diabetes
Type 1-beta cells don't make insulin
body produces insulin, cells do not respond to it.
Cushing's Disease
children-pituitary dwarfism-4 feet
Too much thyroxine causing: High metabolic rate, Rapid heartbeat, Weight loss, Nervousness
causes hyperthyroidism
lack of iodine leads to goiter-swelling of the thyroid
can cause cretinism-dwarfism-adult body proportions remain child like
too much cortisol for prolonged period
Posterior Pituitary~Secrete Neurohypophysial hormones
Thyroid Gland~Produce,store, and release hormones into blood stream
Anterior Pituitary~Regulation of the body
Parathyroid Gland~produce PTH
Adrenal cortex~Produce hormones to help the body control blood sugar,burn fat, react to stressors
Adrenal Medulla~produces hormones(helps regulate metabolism)
Pancreas(Islets)~excretes enzymes to break down protein,lipids,carbohydrates,and nucleic acids in food
Tests~Secrete testosterone
Ovaries~Secrete hormones
Pineal Gland~Produces melatonin(helps regulate reproductive hormones
Parathyroid Hormone(PTH):Target: Kidneys-Function:produce calcium ion homeostasis,release when calcium levels in blood drop below set point,stimulates osteoclasts to break down calcium containing bone matrix, triggers kidneys to return calcium lumions blood back into blood stream.
Calcitonin: Target: Bones-Function: reduce the concentration of calcium ions by aiding absorption of calcium into matrix of bones
Thyroid Hormone(Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine)(TH)(T3/T4):Target:Trachea- Function: Work together to regulate body's metabolic rate. Increased T3 & T4 increase cellular activity & energy usage in the Body.
Oxytocin:Target:Uterine/mammary glands- Function Triggers uterine contractions during birth and release of milk during breastfeeding.
Antidiuretic Hormone(Vasopressin)(ADH) Target: Kidney's/sweat glands- Functions: Prevent water loss by increasing the re-uptake of water in Kidneys and reducing blood flow to sweat glands
Luteinizing Hormone(LH):TArget Gonads-Function: Stimulate the gonads to produce sex hormones estrogens- F testosterone- M
Follicle-stimulating Hormone(FSH):Target:gonds- function-Stimulate follicle cells of the gonads to produce gametes
Prolactin(PRL)Target:mammary glands-Function: stimulates the mammary glands of the breast to produce milk
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH): Target: Adrenal Cortex-Function: Stimulates the adrenal Cortex to produce its hormones.
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone(TSH) Target: Thyroid Gland- Function: responsible for stimulating of the thyroid gland
Growth Hormone:target: bones and muscles- Function: Stimulate growth, repair, and reproduction
Choroid-Dark pigment layer (under the sclera)
Cornea~Dark pigment layer
Pupil~opening that lets light into the eye
Iris~circular muscle;controls the size of pupil
Lens~focuses light rays into the fovea
Ciliary body~controls shape of lens
Aqueous humor~water fluid behind cornea
Vitreous Humor~Jelly like fluid maintains eyeball shape
Retina~layer of sensory receptor cells
Fovea~small depression with high concentration of cones
Optic Nerve~reign with no receptors, receptors connect to optic Nerve
Production and secretes of hormones
Production of chemicals for the body
Regulation of body’s growth,metabolism, sexual development and function