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The Endocrine System Gustavo Peralta Period 5 (Major function of the…
The Endocrine System Gustavo Peralta Period 5
Major function of the endocrine system
To regulate the body's growth,metabolic(processes of the body), and sexual development and function.
Major gland/organs and their functios
The major glands of the endocrine system are the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroids, adrenals, pineal body, and the reproductive organs (ovaries and testes).There functions are to transfer information from one set of cells to the other
diseases associated with the endocrine system
Hyperthyroidism,Graves diseases,hypothyroidism,Diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2,cushing's disease
Major Structures and function of the eye
Anterior chamber: The region of the eye between the cornea and the lens that contains aqueous humor.
Aqueous humor: The fluid produced in the eye.
Ciliary body: Part of the eye, above the lens, that produces the aqueous humor.
Choroid: Layer of the eye behind the retina, contains blood vessels that nourish the retina.
Cones: The photoreceptor nerve cells present in the macula and concentrated in the fovea (the very center of the macula); enable people to see fine detail and color.
Cornea: The outer, transparent structure at the front of the eye that covers the iris, pupil and anterior chamber; it is the eye's primary light-focusing structure.
Fovea: The pit or depression at the center of the macula that provides the greatest visual acuity.
Iris: The colored ring of tissue behind the cornea that regulates the amount of light entering the eye by adjusting the size of the pupil.
Lens: The transparent structure suspended behind the iris that helps to focus light on the retina; it primarly provides a fine-tuning adjustment to the primary focusing structure of the eye, which is the cornea.
Macula: The portion of the eye at the center of the retina that processes sharp, clear straight-ahead vision.
Optic nerve: The bundle of nerve fibers at the back of the eye that carry visual messages from the retina to the brain.
Photoreceptors: The light sensing nerve cells (rods and cones) located in the retina.
Pupil: The adjustable opening at the center of the iris through which light enters the eye.
Retina: The light sensitive layer of tissue that lines the back of the eye.
Rods: Photoreceptor nerve cells in the eyes that are sensitive to low light levels and are present in the retina, but outside the macula.
Sclera: The tough outer coat that protects the entire eyeball.
Trabecular meshwork: Spongy tissue located near the cornea through which aqueous humor flows out of the eye.
Vitreous:
name of the hormones produced and their target organs along with functions
Antidiuretic Hormone
Target organ: Kidneys and Hypothalmus; promotes retention of water by kidneys
Calcitonin
Target organ: blood; reduces blood calcium levels
Epinephrine
Target organ: blood; increase blood glucose; increase rate of metabolism, constrict certain blood vessels
Estrogen
Target organ: ovaries; stimulates urine lining growth, development and maintaince of female secondary sex characteristics
Follicle-stimulating Hormone
Target organs: ovaries and testes; stimulates production of ova and sperm
Glucagon
Target organ: blood; raises blood glucose
Growth Hormone
target organ: bones, muscles, metabolism; stimulates growth and metabolism
Insulin
Target organ: blood; reduces blood glucose
Lutenizing Hormone
Target organ: ovaries and testes; stimulates ovaries and testes
Melatonin
Target organ: Autonomic Nervous System; involved in rhythmic activities (daily, seasonal)
Oxytocin
Target organ: uterus and breast; stimulates contraction of uterus and the milk "let down" reflex, labor
Parathyroid Hormone
target organ: blood; raises blood calcium levels
Progesterone
Target organ: ovaries; promotes growth of uterus lining
Prolactin
Target organ: Breast; stimulates milk production
Thyroid-stimulating Hormone
Target organ: Thyroid gland; stimulates Thyroid gland
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