Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Bangladesh (Background (Sparsely populated Sundarbans SW, Densely…
Bangladesh
Background
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3 main coastal regions= East (Chittagong), Central (major rivers) and West (mangrove forests)
Management
-
-
-
-
-
-
some measures have been controversial because dams and embankments have slowed water velocities, increasing sediment deposition and waterlogging of farmland
-
recognised that management has not always been successful in the past due to lack of knowledge of certain techniques
new attempts being made to increase technical expertise and use this together with local peoples knowledge
Issues
-
Eustatic rise- 1.5m rise= 16% land (22,000 sq km) wiped out, displaced 15% (17m) population
-
-
-
Different human uses conflict with each other and natural environment, worsening the risks the population faces from flooding and erosion of low-lying land
Cyclone Sidr
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,800 cyclone shelters provided
Short term aid from USA, EU, NGO's
Food rations provided for 400,000
-
-
-
-
ICZM
-
enable coastal people to peruse sustainable economic development in safe, secure environment which would lead to poverty reduction
-
priority investment programme (PIP) drawn up to focus available funds on perceived essential needs of coast
investment targeted in- measures to protect, safeguard pop against nat hazards. Protection of nat env, along with its vegetation where it had suffered deterioration. Management of freshwater resources to protect and sustain provision. Improving rural livelihoods and economic prospects along sustainable paths. Development of tourism and fishing sectors of economy. Improving infrastructure and social provision such as health, nutrition, sanitation, education
Over 2,000 cyclone storm surge shelters constructed
-
Multi-storey constructions serve each village as social shelter (schools/ community centres) when not storm shelter
Saving livestock was essential to maintain livelihood, nearly 1,500 raised mounds in construction for protection of farm animals
-
500km of embankment in form 123 barrier dams have been raised as part of coastal embankment protect to protect vulnerable farmland from inundation of saline water
been controversial in consequences= reduced tidal flow. Increased sediment deposition. Raised channel bed of distributaries. Increased water logging of adjacent farmland
caused deterioration of farmland, forestry, fisheries such that people have abandoned ancestral homes
Mangrove
-
in last few decades over 148,000 hectares of Mangrove afforestation has been prompted by the Forest Department along on and offshore coastlines of the coastal region.
Coastal green Belt policy planted vegetation along 9,000 km of rail, road, coastal embankments and island foreshores
Not always successful, it was found that inadequate knowledge of suitable species and local habitat conditions meant much planting was hit and miss survival
seen as essential that this strategy is central to ICZM plan in integrating national funds, technical expertise and data analysis with local people's knowledge and assistance in repeating process
Coastal areas
-
-
industry developing where flat land allows for easy construction of facilities and lax regulations allow for dumping waste
-
-
Land Use
Fishing
coastal location, tropical waters, 445,000 fish harvested 2003, shrimp farming (SE) increasingly important, late 1980's shrimps/prawns were growing global demand= labour intensive opportunity, ideal location= coastal areas
industry
variety, take advantage of flat extensive land, good access to shipping routes, large supply of cheap labour, few if any regulations to pollution= take advantage and deposit waste into sea
Agriculture
Rice Farming- fertile alluvial soils, freshwater estuarine environments, year round cultivation, often small, provides low income
-