Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
The Eye & the Endocrine System, Elena Trinh, Period 2 (major…
The Eye & the Endocrine System,
Elena Trinh, Period 2
major structures of the eye
sclera
protects & gives eye its shape
cornea
focus images in retina & protects iris
lens
focuses images onto retina
optic nerve
taking images received by retina & transmitting them to brain
ciliary body
controls size of lens
rods
see in dim light, but no color
iris
controls amount of light let in
cones
perceive the range of colors we see
pupil
determines amount of light to see
tapetum lucidum
reflects light onto retinas
major functions of the endocrine system
hormones control & integrate
growth & development
maintenance of electrolyte, water, & nutrient balance of blood
reproduction
regulation of cellular metabolism & energy balance
mobilization of body defenses
major glands/organs & the hormones they secrete
pancreas
alpha cells
glucagon
raises blood glucose levels
beta cells
insulin
lowers blood glucose levels
hypothalamus
neurosecretory cells: neurons that secrete hormones
gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)
corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
oxytocin
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
growth hormone-inhibiting hormone (GHIH)
parathyroid
parathyroid hormone (PTH)
calcium ion homeostasis (targets kidneys)
thymus
thymosins
train and develop white blood cells during fetal development and childhood
thyroid
thyroxine (T4)
triiodothyronine (T3)
regulate the body’s metabolic rate
calcitonin
reduce the concentration of calcium ions in the blood
pituitary
anterior
prolactin (PRL)
human growth hormone (HGH)
uteinizing hormone (LH)
follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
posterior
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
oxytocin
uterine contractions during childbirth
release of milk during breastfeeding
gonads
ovaries
progesterone
maintains conditions during pregnancy
estrogen
uterine development, breast development, and the growth of pubic hair
testes
testosterone
growth and increases in strength of the bones and muscles
pineal
melatonin
regulate the human sleep-wake cycle
adrenal glands
adrenal cortex
mineralocorticoids
regulate the concentration of mineral ions
androgens
testosterone
glucocorticoids
breakdown of proteins and lipids to produce glucose
adrenal medulla
epinephrine
increase the flow of blood to the brain and muscles
norepinephrine
diseases associated with the endocrine system
goiter
enlarged protruding thyroid gland
Graves' disease
abnormal antibody that tagrets thyroid cells
myxedema
hypothyroid swelling syndrome
abnormal antibody directed at thyroid cells
Addison's disease
Cushing's syndrome