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Canadian Health System (Aging Population (Future Steps (Integration,…
Canadian Health System
System Levels
PROVINCIAL & TERRITORIAL
Administer & Deliver Health Care Services Under Canada Health Act
Fund Medically Necessary Hospital / Doctor Services
Pre-Paid Basis
Federal Cash & Tax Transfers
Health Insurance Plans
Respectively Define What Constitutes as a Medically Necessary Service
Plan & Fund Hospital / Health Facility Care
Services Provided By Doctors & Healthcare Professionals
Plan & Implement Health Promotion & Initiatives
Negotiate Fees & Schedules
Offer & Fund Some Supplementary Benefits That Are Not Covered Under Canada Health Act
For Certain Groups
Low-Income Residents
Seniors
Drugs Prescribed Outside Hospitals
Ambulance Costs
Hearing, Vision, & Dental Care
Independent Workers' Compensation Agency
FEDERAL
Canada Health Act
Set Out Principles for Health Insurance Plans
Five Core Principles
Public Administration
Of Publicly Funded Insurance
Comprehensiveness
All Medically Essential Hospital & Doctor Services
Universality
All Citizens Are Covered
Accessibility
Portability
Among All Provinces & Territories
Financial Support to Provinces & Territories
Canada Health Transfer
Equalization Payments
Funding & Delivering Primary & Supplementary Services
First Nations people living on Reserves & Inuit
Primary Care
Emergency Services
Community-Based Programs
Non-Insured Health Benefits Program
Serving Members of Canadian Forces
Eligible Veterans
Inmates in Federal Penitentiaries
Some Groups of Refugee Claimants
Health Protection & Regulation
Consumer Safety
Disease Surveillance & Prevention
Health Promotion & Research
Health-Related Tax Measures
Levels of Care
PRIMARY SERVICES
First Point of Contact
Dual Function
Direct Provision
Coordinates Patients' Healthcare Services
Comprehensive
Prevention & Treatment of Common Diseases / Injuries
Basic Emergency Services
Referrals
Mental Health Care
Palliative & End-of-Life Care
Health Promotion
Child Development
Maternity Care
Rehabilitation Services
Practice Settings
Private Practice
Fee-For-Service
Negotiated Between Provincial & Territorial Governments / Medical Professionals
Clinics
Community Centres
Group Practices
Provide Referrals to Specialists
SECONDARY SERVICES
When Patient is Referred for Specialized Care
Hospital
Global Funding - Typical Approach
Home / Community / Long-Term Facility
Made By Doctors, Hospitals, Agencies, Families, & Patients
Continuity of Care Services
Formal / Informal Caregivers
Usually NOT Covered By Canada Health Act
Provinces & Territories Pay For Certain Services
Individual Pays For Certain Services
Out of Pocket
Private Insurance
Supplementary Health Benefits
Coverage Varies Across Country
Background
Publicly Funded Healthcare System
Universal Coverage
Equity & Equality
Modifications in Response to Changes Within Medicine & Society
Trends
Technological Innovations
eHealth
Fiscal Constraints
Aging of Baby Boom Generation
Medical Advancements
Aging Population
Additional Pressure as Baby Boom Generation Enters Senior Years
Long Wait Times
For Less Urgent Problems - Many Months or Years
Specialist Consultation - Wait Longer Than Recommended
Seniors Who Are Not Acutely Ill Wait For Long-Term Care Facilities for Months or Years
2014 - More Seniors Than Children (Stat Can)
More Canadians Living Longer & Healthier
Economic Challenges
Costs More to Provide Healthcare For Older Individuals
Comprehensiveness of Coverage Applies Only to Physician & Hospital Services
Declining Federal Share
Increasing Cost of Universal Hospital Insurance
Chronic Conditions Characterize Healthcare Profile of Many Canadian Seniors
Social Determinants of Health
As Important to Health as Doctors & Services
Should Be Included in the Healthcare System
Examples
Nutrition
Housing
Income
Do Some Provinces Age Faster Than Others?
Future Steps
Integration
Innovation
Accountability
Widen Definition of Comprehensiveness
Government & Health Sector Leadership