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1.1-1.2 (Cells (Specialised Cells (Sperm Cell (acrosomes (store digestive…

- - - - nucleus
        
        large structure that contains genetic material which controls the cell
      - cell membrane
        
        controls what materials enter and leave the cell, e.g oxygen, carbon dioxide and glucose
      - mitochondria
        
        respiration takes place here, releasing energy for the cell.
      - ribosomes
        
        present in cytoplasm. proteins made here by protein synthesis
    - - nucleus
        
        large structure that contains genetic material which controls the cell
      - cell membrane
        
        controls what materials enter and leave the cell, e.g oxygen, carbon dioxide and glucose
      - cell wall
        
        provide structure and protection and made of cellulose
      - chloroplasts
        
        organelles that contains green pigment called chlorophyll, which uses light energy for photosynthesis. also contains enzymes needed for photosynthesis
      - vacuole
        
        filled with cell sap to keep cell swollen
      - mitochondria
        
        respiration takes place here, releasing energy for the cell.
      - ribosomes
        
        present in cytoplasm. proteins made here by protein synthesis
  - - - Chromosomal DNA
        
        carries most of the bacterial genes and lies free in the cytoplasm
      - Plasmid DNA
        
        some bacteria have these circles of DNA that contain additional genes that are not found in chromosomes
      - cell membrane
        
        controls what materials enter and leave the cell, e.g oxygen, carbon dioxide and glucose
      - ribosomes
        
        present in cytoplasm. proteins made here by protein synthesis
      - flagellum
        
        a "tail"-like structure to assist in movement
  - - - acrosomes
        
        store digestive enzymes so sperm can "digest" through egg cell membrane
      - haploid nucleus
        
        contains half chromosomes so after fertilisation embryo can have a full set
      - mitochondria
        
        provide energy needed to swim to egg cell
      - tail
        
        used to swim to the egg
    - - nutrients in cytoplasm
        
        to help feed the embryo
      - haploid nucleus
        
        contains half chromosomes so after fertilisation embryo can have a full set
      - changes after fertilisation
        
        straight after fertilisation, membrane changes structure to prevent sperm from entering, therefore leaving cell with same amount of chromosomes
    - - cilia
        
        "hair-like" structures on top of surface of cell. "beat" to move substances in one direction , along the surface of tissue.
        
        lining of airway contain lots of ciliated epithelial cells.help to move mucus up throat for it to be swallowed