Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Sedimentary Rocks (Clastic Rocks (Limestone (Chalk, Oolitic, Bioclastic),…

- - - - 0.06 - 2mm
    - - smaller than 0.06mm
    - - 2mm +
- - - - decomposition of rock due to chemical reaction of minerals with weakly acidic water. water = acidic due to incorporation of chemical components from atmospheric and vegetation sources. CO2 from atmos and decomposing plant matter combines with H2O to form dilute Carbonic acid
        
        Carbonation
        
        Water reacts with limestone and changes into soluble calcium bicarbonate, affects limestone, creates Calcium bicarbonate= used by creatures to make shells, the shells then create the limestone rock at sea bed
        
        Oxidation
        
        Minerals containing iron react with oxygen and turn into ferrous iron oxide= rust, affects iron rich rocks= maffic rocks like hornblende and augite, creates rust (ferrous iron oxide)
        
        Hydrolysis
        
        water reacts with Feldspar and decomposes, affects any rocks containing Feldspar (Granite = 60% Feldspar), decomposes and turns into clay, also produces salts
        
        Solution
        
        Rocks dissolve in reaction with water, affects natural salts and limestone, creates salts
    - - in situ disintegration of rock due to development of stress within the rocks caused by changing weather
        
        Frost weathering
        
        expansion of ice within rock, frozen water increases by 10% volume, affects all rocks but especially fractured rocks, creates angular debris= scree
        
        Insolation weathering
        
        daily expansion of rock exposed to suns heat, cools and contracts at night in cooler temps, affects all rocks but dark coloured rocks absorb more heat, creates angular debris= scree
    - - disintegration or decomposition of rock due to action of burrowing animals, tree roots and organic acids
  - - - soluble compounds and cations such as K+, Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ are released from mineral structures by hydrolysis and solution
    - - compounds of ferric hydroxide and ferrous oxide
    - - hydrous aluminium silicates such as Kaolinite, Chlorite and Illite are formed by hydrolysis and carbonation of Feldspars
    - - chemically stable minerals such as Gold, Diamond, Platinum, Garnet and Magnetite resist weathering
    - - chemically inactive and resist chemical weathering, but broken down by mechanical weathering processes into sand and silt sized fragments
- - - - Wearing away of rock and debris surface by grinding action of moving rock. magnitude depends on 3 factors-
        Speed of moving media
        Amount of debris being moved
        Difference in hardness between eroding material and affected surface
    - - Wearing down of transported debris by inter-particle collisions
- - - - Larger gravel and smaller boulders bounced along
    - - Gravel and sand (fine material) carried
    - - Large boulders rolled along
    - - Soluble material dissolved