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Geography Topic 1: Hazardous Earth - Climate (Natural causes of climate…
Geography Topic 1: Hazardous Earth - Climate
Air pressure is the weight of the air. It can have a big impact on the type of weather on the area.
Hadley cell
A large-scale atmospheric convection cell in which air rises at the equator and sinks at medium latitudes, typically about 30° north or south.
Climate change human activity
Natural causes of climate change
Orbital theory
When the earths axis tilts so some areas get colder and other areas get warmer.
The earths orbit changes from a circle to an oval which moves it closer and further away from the sun
Eruption theory
Giant volcanoes erupt which release ash clouds into the atmosphere. This makes it harder for sunlight to get through which then cools the earth by 0.5°C-4°C. Lasts 1-2 years.
Sunspot theory
This theory suggests that the black spots emit radiation that travels towards the earth. The more black spots, the hotter the earth.
Asteroid theory
Asteroids hit the earth which releases ash clouds into the atmosphere like the eruption theory. Cools the earth.
ITCZ Zone
A zone that converges at the thermal equator, where two trade winds meet. Uplift of area creates area of low pressure.
The natural greenhouse affect is essential for keeping our planet warm
1) The tempture on earth is a balance between the heat it gets from the sun and the heat it loses to space
2)The incoming energy engery from the sun is
short-wave radiation
. The outgoing from the earth
Ferrel cell
The average motion of air in the mid-latitudes. It is characterized by sinking air near 30 deg and rising air farther pole ward.
Tree rings (evidence for climate change)
When trees grow there are rings produced. In the warmer climates, the growth rings are further apart. In cooler climates they are closer.
Ocean Currents
The sinking of this dense water lets warm water flow in near the surface. This warm water will then cool and sink. And so, the cycle continues.