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New Technologies: Natural Gas (Methane Hydrate (What? A solid crystalline…
New Technologies: Natural Gas
Enhanced Gas Recovery
eg injecting CO2 or Nitrogen around the edge of a gas field to maintain pressure and gas flow
Using technologies to increase gas recovery rates
Methane Hydrate Extraction
Depressurisation
Drilling into the sediments to make the pressure drop and make the methane dissociate from the hydrate crystal
Carbon Dioxide Injection
At high pressures CO2 forms bonds with ice crystals more strongly than methane does, meaning the methane is displaced and can be collected.
Can be used as part of a CCS scheme
Water Heating
Hot water is pumped into the sediments to melt the methane hydrate and release methane gas
Methane Hydrate
What? A solid crystalline compound which contains a lot of trapped methane
What Conditions? Low temperatures or high pressures
Where? oceanic sediments
It is not currently exploited but could provide more methane than natural gas sources
Carbon Capture and Storage
Unlikely to be useful for vehicles because they are small and dispersed
It stores the CO2 produced from combusting fossil fuels and therefore reduces release
Can be used to capture CO2 in large power stations and then use the electricity to produce non-carbon fuels such as Hydrogen