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Week 6: Business Reporting, Visual Analytics & Dashboards & Story…
Week 6: Business Reporting, Visual Analytics & Dashboards & Story Telling
Principles of Visual Perception
Principle of Proximity: states that we perceive objects that are located near one another as belonging to the same group
Principle of Similarity: states that we perceive objects share some visual attribute as belonging to the same group
Human tends to group objects that are similar in: Colour, Size, Shape & Orientation
Principle of Enclosure: states that objects that are enclosed by a visible border are perceived as belonging together
Principle of Closure: asserts that humans perceive open structures as closed, complete/regular when we can reasonable do so
Enclosure is not necessary and will create clutter
Principle of Continuity: asserts that humans perceive objects as belonging together if they are aligned with one another
used to group data on a dashboard - distinct alignment is used for different departments within a division
Principle of Connection: states that we perceive objects that are connected in some way as belonging to the same group. Grouping produced by connection is stronger than that produced by proximity/similarity
Story Telling
Why do story telling?
Make sense and order of the data
See the whole where there are disparate parts
Give visions to what the future can look like
Interactive: people put themselves into stories
Support an argument
What make a good story?
a good story involves characters
Challenge is believable
Hurdles to overcome
Overcome or prognosis is clear
Steps to creating a good story
Step 1: Think of your analysis as a story
Find the story first: explore the data
Determine what you want people to do as a result
Write out the "storyboard" for the audience
Step 2: Be authentic
Make it personal/emotional
Start with metaphor or anecdote
Develop with data: authenticity is rooted in facts and facts are rooted in data
Step 3: Be visual
use graphs, charts, pictures when possible
design your graphs for instant readability but allow for layers of meaning as the graph is studied
use descriptive title, captivating images to get the point across
apply the design principles learned
when designing infographics, include the subject's theme into the design and display itself
Step 4: Make it easy for your audience and you
telling a story should be simple and direct. Recall and action will be that much stronger
stick to 2-3 key issues and how they relate to your audience
Step 5: Invite & Direct Discussion
focus on highlighting what the audience needs
highlight key facts that relate to the story
extend the story parameters into questions
invite audience to continue the discussion via group discussion, blogs, intranets, newsgroups
Goals & Steps of Visual Dashboard Design
Reduce the non-data pixels
Eliminate all unnecessary non-data pixels
De-emphasize and regularize the non-data pixels that remain
Enhance the data pixels
Eliminate all unnecessary data pixels
Highlight the most important data pixels that remain
Eliminate all unnecessary non-data pixels
eliminate graphs that provide nothing but decoration
unnecessary borders around sections of data fragment the display
avoid complete borders when a single set of axes would adequately define the space
unnecessary fill colours to separate sections of the display and distracting
gradients of fill colour both on the bars and background add distracting non-data pixels
grid lines in graphs are not useful
3D should be avoided when the added dimension of depth doesn't represent actual data
De-emphasize & regularized the non-data pixels that remain
axis lines and gridlines can be useful but should be muted
navigational controls should not take up more space than the visual displays
instructions take up valuable space. They can be displayed only when needed through a separate screen/pop-up menu
Enhance the Data Pixels
Eliminate unnecessary data pixels by:
Removing less relevant data
Condensing data through: Summarises & Exceptions
Multi-foci displays
Display more details for recent data and less for more distant data
Information that is always important can be emphasize using static means
Information that is only important at the moment requires a dynamic means of emphasis
Highlight the most important data pixels that remain
Layout of dashboard should not change dynamically
Different regions of a dashboard has different degrees of visual emphasis
Design for use as a launch pad and testing
Common types of dashboard interaction are:
Drilling down into the details
Slicing the data to narrow the field of focus
Principles for Incorporating Interactiion
Allow the viewer to initiate the launch by clicking the data itself
Hover over the data point along a graph and have the value pop up temporarily as text
use consistent launch actions to avoid confusion