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Protists (Plantlike Protists (Brown algae ("Most of the organisms…
Protists
Plantlike Protists
Plantlike Protists, also called algae, are extremely diverse.
"Like plants, algae are autotrophes. Most are able to use the sun's energy to make their own food."
Algae plays an important role in many environments. "For example, algae that lives near the surface of ponds, lakes and oceans, are an important food source for other organisms in the water."
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Algae can be uni cellular or multi-cellular. The uni-cellular organisms live together in colonies that contain from a few cells up to thousands of cells.
In the colony of cells, it carries out all functions, but some cells become very good at performing certain functions such as reproduction.
Algae can be many different colors because they contain many different kinds of pigments/chemicals that provide color to the algae.
Algae can be green, yellow, red, brown, orange and even black.
Diatoms
"Diatoms are unicellular protists with beautiful, glass-like walls."
Diatoms float near the surface of oceans or lakes, they can also attach to objects such as rocks in shallow water.
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When diatoms die their cell walls collect at the bottom of the lake or ocean the occupy and build up layers of a course substance called diatomaceous Earth.
Diatomaceous earth makes good polish at the bottom of the water and is used in household cleaning products and as an insecticide due to the ways the diatoms puncture the bodies of the insect.
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Euglenoids
"Euglenoids are green, unicellular algae that are found mostly in fresh water."
Euglenoids have one animal-like characteristic, they are heterotrophs under certain conditions. "When sunlight is available, most euglenoids are autotrophs that produce their own food. However, when sunlight is not available, euglenoids will act like heterotrophes by obtaining food from their environment. Some euglenoids live entirely as heterotrophes."
Euglenoids have a long, whip-like flagellum that helps the organism to move.
The eye spot in the euglena next to the flagellum contains pigments that are sensitive to light and helps the euglena recognize the direction of the light source.
Red algae
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The red pigments of the red algae is especially good for absorbing the small amount of light that is able to reach the deep ocean waters where the seaweed is growing.
People can use red algae in many different ways: Carraggeenan and agar are substances that are extracted from red algae and are used in products such as ice cream and hair conditioner.
Red algae is used in many Asian cultures as a nutrient rich food that is eaten fresh, dried or toasted.
Green algae
"Green algae, which contain green pigments are quite diverse. Most green algae are unicellular.
When green algae is unicellular it forms colonies but few green algae are multi-cellular. Pepper, hey! Green algae live in fresh water or salt water. But some algae lives on land and are found on rocks and in the crevices of tree bark or in moist soils.
"Green algae are actually very closely related to plants that live on land. Green algae and plants contain the same type of green pigment and share other important similarities."
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Brown algae
"Most of the organisms that are commonly called seaweed are brown algae/ In addition to their brown pigment, brown algae also contain green, yellow and orange pigments."
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"The hold-fast anchor that anchors it to rocks, the stalks support the blades which are leaf-like structures of the alga"
"Many brown algae also have filled sacks called bladders that allow algae to float upright in the water."
Brown algae lives in cool, rocky waters.
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Giant kelps of brown algae can grow to 100 meters and live in some Pacific coastal waters. Giant kelps are also called "under water forests" where the many organisms live including sea otters and abalone.
Some people can eat brown algae. People can extract algens from brown algae and use it as thickeners in puddings and other foods.
Animal-Like Protists
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"Like animals, animal-like protists are heterotrophs, and most are able to move from place to place to obtain food."
Animals are not unicellular, but animal-like protists or protozoans are
Protozoans are separated into four groups , based on the way they look and on the way they move and live
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Protozoans With Cilia
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The paramecium also has two nuclei, one big one and one small one
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Protozoans With Flagella
"Protists that use long, whip-like flagella to move. A flagellate may have one or more flagella."
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"When both partners benefit from living together,the relationship is a type of symbiosis called mutualism."
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What is a Protist
"Protists are eukaryotes that cannot be classified as animals, plants or fungi."
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Most protists are unicellular, but some are multicellular.
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Since there are so many types of protists, scientist group them into three groups based on their characteristics they share with other organisms in other kingdoms: Animal-like protist, plantlike protists, and funguslike protists.
Funguslike Protists
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There are three types of Funguslike Protists: Slime molds, water molds and downy mildews.
Slime molds
"Slime molds are often brightly colored. They live on forest floors and other moist, shady places. They ooze along the surfaces of decaying surfaces, feeding on bacteria and other micro-organisms."
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"Slime molds begin their lifecycle as tiny, individual amobea-like cells. The cells use pseudopods to feed and to creep around. Later, the cells grow bigger or join together to form a giant, jelly-like mass. In some species, the giant mass is multi-cellular and forms when the food is scarce. In others, the giant mass is actually a giant cell with many nuculei."
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When the conditions of the environment are harsh, the spore producing structures grow out of the mass and expel spores. "Eventually, the spores develop into a new generation of slime molds."
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