Qualitative Research 
Grounded Theory
Defined as: Qualitative research is a process of naturalistic inquiry that seeks in-depth understanding of social phenomena within their natural setting. It focuses on the "why" rather than the "what" of social phenomena and relies on the direct experiences of human beings as meaning-making agents in their every day lives.
- Phenomenology:
Phenomenology is a qualitative research method that is used to describe how human beings experience a certain phenomenon. A phenomenological study attempts to set aside biases and preconceived assumptions about human experiences, feelings, and responses to a particular situation. It allows the researcher to delve into the perceptions, perspectives, understandings, and feelings of those people who have actually experienced or lived the phenomenon or situation of interest. Therefore, phenomenology can be defined as the direct investigation and description of phenomena as consciously experienced by people living those experiences.
- Ethnography
Ethnography is a branch of anthropology that provides scientific description of individual human societies. The emphasis in ethnography is on studying an entire culture.
Data collection may be interviewing individuals or participant observation
Fieldwork demands the full-time involvement of a researcher over a lengthy period of time and consists of ongoing interaction with the human targets of study on their home ground.
Phenomenological research will not necessarily provide definitive explanations but it does raise awareness and increases insight about the phenomena.
Grounded theory is a type of qualitative research methodology that allows theory/theories to emerge from the data that is collected.
Grounded theory research follows a systematic yet flexible process to collect data, code the data, make connections and see what theory/theories are generated or are built from the data.
The main feature of Grounded theory research is the development of new theory through the collection and analysis of data about a phenomenon. It goes beyond phenomenology because the explanation that emerge are genuinely new knowledge and are used to develop new theories about a phenomenon.
Techniques for the data collection are interviews and observation although literature review and relevant documentary analysis make important contributions.
Case Study
Case study is based on an in-depth investigation of a single individual, group, or event. Case studies may be descriptive or explanatory.
Techniques for data collection are participant observation, interviewing and collection of artifacts and texts.
Types of cases may be key cases, Outlier cases or Local knowledge cases.
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Resources 
Brandie Flores Research in the Field of Education 1 Activity 1.1 Qualitative research: Definitions and types