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Comparison of Warfare (Ancient Greece (Weaponry (Xiphos (Shortsword) (The…

- - - - This formation provide cover for the whole of the division and allowed them to slowly but surely move up and advance on their enemy.
  - - - The Xiphos was usually more of a last resort weapon for when a man needed to break formation to fight somebody one on one.
    - - Doru spears had a length of three meters and was designed more for stabbing at a distance then it was throwing.
    - - Greek shields were circular and often had the symbol of either their respective city state or their family.
  - - - Greek Hoplite helmets covered all around their head and even part of their face.
    - - Usually only the wealthier of Greek men wore metal chest plates and other soldiers wore hardened linen cloth instead.
    - - Greaves were shin guards which covered the entire shin of the Greek soldier
  - - - Leonidas was the Spartan king of the Spartan city state of Greece.
        
        Leonidas lead a small militia of Spartans against the vast Persian army in the battle of Thermopylae and put up a very large fight.
        
        Leonidas and his army may have lost but the fight they put up staggered the Persian plans greatly and brought him and his men down in history because of this extremely honorable death.
    - - Alexander the Great is one of the most famous historical military leaders of all time.
        
        Alexander went a total of 15 years without losing a single battle and grew a reputation for himself among some people as a conqueror.
        
        Alexander only got to the throne at age 20 but his forst military victory was at age 18.
- - - - The Testudo formation or "Turtle" formation was a Roman tactic used when under any projectile fire.
        
        It was called the turtle not just for its shape but because of how slowly Roman soldiers moved in this formation
    - - This formation was a modified version of the well known Greek Phalanx.
        
        Each line of defense is based on rank with the lowest ranking men at the front to the highest ranking men at the back.
        
        The men at the front would launch javelins at their enemy and once thrown they would fade to the back an let the more experienced men fight up front.
    - - The Wedge formation was a formation which was used when Roman armies needed to charge.
        
        The wedge would have a point which was covered down every side but the back with shields.
  - - - One of the most iconic parts of Roman warfare was their shield design. Roman shields were designed similar to how modern day riot shields are. Their large size and curve defended each side of the Roman Legionary and the height provided defense of the head when necessary.
        
        The shield also had an iron boss in the middle which could be used to shield bash through enemy defenses.
    - - The Pillum was designed for long range throwing capbilities and mid range combat.
        
        The pointed tip was also designed for penetrating enemy armour.
        
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    - - The Pugio was a last resort weapon made for when a Legionarys sword broke or was lost and was stored alongside his Gladius.
        
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    - - The short sword was used in close combat and was stored on the belt of the given Roman soldier.
        
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  - - - The Galea helmet is made entirely of metal and protects everywhere but the face.
    - - This chestplate was made of strips of metal connected together with straps of fabric or leather.
        
        The Chestplate was designed top protect the soldiers chest while also providing him with extra mobility
    - - The Balteus held the two side weapons of the given Legionary (Gladius and Pugio)
    - - This tunic was only meant to keep the soldier more comfortable by not allowing the Lorica Segmentata rub against his chest and neck.
    - - These military sandals were standard for all soldiers and were worn no matter the weather.
  - - - Julius Caesar was a roman general turned self appointed emperor for life.
        
        Caesar fought against Roman rebellion during a civil war with two allies which he betrayed in order to take full power of Rome.
- - - - This formation was used by the Greeks and allows for heavy infantry pushes into the enemy army.
    - - The Carthaginian army also used war elephants in order to break up the front lines of enemy armies and allow their own army to charge through.
  - - - The Falcata is a curved sword meant for hacking and slashing rather then stabbing.
  - - - Corinthian helmets gave the soldiers head cover on all parts of his head and some parts of his face.
    - - The Linothorax chestplate were rarely made out of metal and more often hardened leather.
  - - - Hannibal sparked the Second Punic War with Rome and had a long lasting string of victories against the ancient superpower.
        
        This is one of the most famous military campaigns of all time.