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Liberalism (Individualism (Natural rights (Each individual is important),…
Liberalism
Individualism
Natural rights
Each individual is important
Self-reliance/self-seeking (Egoistical individualism)
Rational
Can make own decisions, should be trusted.
Freedoms are linked to the desire to create a society where everyone can flourish.
Educational intervention
Tolerance
Accepting of others and their lifestyles
People should be 'an end not a means'
Meritocratic society
Freedoms/Liberty
Individuals decide what they do best.
Unilateralism
'The greatest good for the greatest number'
Unlimited freedoms so long as it does not infringe upon others rights.
Freedom can never be absolute and must be exercised under the law
Law/state is there to protect peoples rights
Limited government
Negative Freedom
Limited intervention
Positive Freedom
Pursue the greater good and own interests (some state intervention)
Liberal Democracy
Consent
Tolerance
Free to vote
Fearful of over-democracy
Tyranny of the majority
Social Contract
Locke
State must fulfil its end of the contract
Free and fair elections
Protect rights, some state intervention
People must give consent to government regularly
Rationalism
Reasoned discussions and debates
Rehabilitation
Law and order
Should be made for rational and logical reasons
Industrial disputes
Internationalism
UN/EU
Reason
Make decisions for themselves
Age of Enlightenment
People take responsibility for their actions
People don't need to be guided by the state
Equality and Social Justice
Foundational Equalities
Equal from birth in eyes of the law
Rights/Vote
Accept inequalities as inevitable
Try to reduce them
Incentive/motivator
Meritocracy
Equality of opportunity
Make the most of abilities
Some state intervention
People should be able to reach their potential
People should be able to reach their potential
The State is a 'Necessary Evil'
Modern Liberals
The state should protect the vulnerable from exploitation
Self-interest
Laissez faire economics
Adam Smith
Limited/small government
Fear misuse/concentration of power
Lord Acton: 'Power tends to corrupt, absolute power corrupts absolutely'
Separation of power
Rights enshrined
Checks and balances
Constitution