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Modules 49-52 (Module 49 (Comprehension ?s (Ask Yourself #1- I can think…
Modules 49-52
Module 49
Summary
Module 49 of Unit 9 discusses the differences between sex and gender as well as how society views gender identities and people who are transgender. Something I found very interesting in this module was gender typing, which is the acquisition of a traditional masculine or feminine role
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Comprehension ?s
Ask Yourself #1- I can think of two people who have different traits and characteristics based on their genders, my mother and my father, however many of these traits either fade away or grow stronger as they get older.
Test Yourself #1- Women, Men
Ask Yourself #2- I would not consider myself gender typed, however, I do act as my gender (more feminine).
Test Yourself #2- Gender roles are social rules or norms for accepted and expected female and male behaviors. The norms associated with various roles, including gender roles, vary widely in different cultural contexts, which is proof that we are able to learn and adapt to the social demands of different environments.
Key Terms
Sex- in psychology, the biologically influenced characteristics by which people define male and female.
Gender- in psychology, the socially influenced people define boy, girl, man, and woman.
Aggression- any physical or verbal behavior intended to harm someone physically or emotionally.
Relational aggression- an act of aggression (physical or verbal) intended to harm a person's relationship or social standing.
Role- a set of expectations (norms) about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave.
Gender Role- a set of expected behaviors for males or for females.
Gender Identity- Our sense of being male or female
Social Learning Theory- the theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished.
Gender typing- the acquisition of a traditional masculine or feminine role
Androgyny- displaying both traditional masculine and feminine psychological characteristics.
Transgender- an umbrella term describing people whose gender identity or expression differs from that associated with their birth sex
Module 50
Comprehension ?s
Ask Yourself #1- My peers and parents have shaped my personality, political views, and morals through educated lessons and moments.
Test Yourself #1- There also may be a selection effect. adolescents tend to select similar others and sort themselves into like-minded groups. Those who may seek out other teenagers who also smoke.
Summary
Module 50 of Unit 9 discusses the effects that out parents and peers have in our maturation and development in our personalities and outlook at life. Something that I found very interesting to learn about in this module was the skeleton effect, and how teenagers tend to identify and associate with like-minded people as them.
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Module 51
Comprehension ?s
Ask Yourself #1- I can recall some instances in which I have made impulsive decisions (whether that be purchasing something, or saying something) that I would come to regret later on. Today, I would take a longer time to really think about what I say or do before I follow through with it.
Test Yourself #1- preconventional, postconventional, conventional
Test Yourself #2- Kohlberg's work reflected an individualist worldview, so his theory is less culturally universal than he supposed.
Summary
Module 51 of Unit 9 discusses the importance of the adolescence and puberty in one's life along with what changes occur to both the body and mind during these periods of one's development, something very interesting to learn about was the time period in between adolesence and adulthood and what occurs to the mind,;
Key Terms
Adolescence- the transition period from childhood to adulthood, extending from puberty to independence.
Puberty- the period of sexual maturation, during which a person becomes capable of reproducing.
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Module 52
Comprehension ?s
Ask Yourself #1- My best and worst experiences growing up are very similar, as it as amazing to watch yourself grow older and change with the people around you, but that also brings growing pains and unexpected "side effects" that come with growing up, some of these experiences can be either cultural or influenced by any of my inborn traits.
Test Yourself #1- In a little more than a century, the gap between puberty and adult independence has widened from about seven years to fourteen years. This longer adolescence gives us a chance to grow up a bit more before facing "the real world", but also comes with it's share of stressors, as sexually mature teens must wait many years before achieving true independence. In western nations, this has led to a post-adolescent, not-yet-settled phase of life known as emerging adulthood.
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Summary
Module 52 of Unit 9 discusses one's identity mentally and socially along with the time period in between adolescence and adulthood entitled "emerging adulthood" which gives us a chance to grow up a bit more before facing "the real world", but also comes with it's share of stressors, as sexually mature teens must wait many years before achieving true independence.
Key Terms
Identity- our sense of self; according to Erikson, the adolescent's task is to solidify a sense of self by testing and integrating various roles
Social Identity- the "we" aspect of our self-concept; the part of our answer to "Who am I?" that comes from our group memberships
Intimacy- in Erikson's theory, the ability to form close, loving relationships; a primary developmental task in late adolescence and early adulthood
Emerging adulthood- for some people in modern cultures, a period from the late teens to mid-twenties, bridging the gap between adolescent dependence and full independence and responsible adulthood
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